Toxicology Exam 3

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cells responsible for humoral immune response

b cells
cells responsible for cellular immune response

t cells
antigen presenting cells
- dendritic cells
- macrophages
Actions of endorphins
- increase cytokin production
- increase NK activity
- increase macrophage activity
- decrease T cell activity
- decrease or increase humoral activity
Assesment of immune response to asses toxicity
- organ weight
- hematology
- bone marrow function
- serum characteristics
- histopathology
- cell morphology
Assesment of innate immume response
- phagocytosis (radioactive rbc or latex beads)
- nk cells
- crp - elisa
Assesment of acquired response (humoral)
- PFC assay
- elisa
Assesment of acquired response (cellular)
- CTL
- delayed hypersensitivity response
- t cell proliferative response
National toxicology regulatory approach
- tier 1 = general toxicity
- tier 2 =CTL DHR antibody (more specific)
- exposure should be for a min of 28 days
- suppression of antibody response present
- NK assay
direct effects of xenobiotics may be expressed through

the immune system
indirect effects of xenobiotics may be expressed through

the liver
Tobacco results in
- 3-5 fold increase in alveolar macrophages
- reduced phagocytosis
- bactericidal activity decreased
- decreased antibody synthesis, NK cells
- increased leukocytes
Recombinant proteins result in
- neutralizing antibody => hypersensitivity
- hepatitis b vaccine is an example
Ultraviolet exposure can result in
- reduced hypersensitivity
- reduced resistance
- induction of suppressor T cells
- TH1 => TH2 switch
Hypersensitivity
- over response
- allergy
- anaphylaxis
Autoimmune disorders

lack of self recognition
Type 1 hypersensitivity mediated by

IgE
Type 2 hypersensitivity mediated by

IgG
Type 3 hypersensitivity mediated by

IgG
Type 4 hypersensitivity mediated by
- Th1
- Th2
- CTL
Assesment of IgE mediated hypersensitivity
- skin test
- elisa
- RAST
- inhalation test
- contact hypersensitivity test (patch for 3-7 days)
Metal may result in
- pulmonary hypersensitivity
- contact hypersensitivity
Drugs may result in these hypersensitivities
- type 1-4
- penicillin
Pesticides may result in these hypersensitivities

contact and immediate
latex may result in these hypersensitivities

irritant and contact dermatitis
cosmetics may result in
- contact dermatitis
- dermatoconjunctivitis
enzymes may result in
- rhinitis
- conjunctivitis
- asthma
formaldehyde may result in
- asthma
- contact dermatitis
molecules involved in autoimmune disorders
- Ig
- T cell receptor
- MHC
Drugs associated with scleroderma
- toluene, xylene
- tryptophan
- silicones
drus associated with systemic lupus erythematosus
- phenothiazines
- penicillamine
- propylthiouracil
- quinidine
- l-dopa
- lithium
- trichloroethylene
- silicones

Author

Rx2013

78842

Card Set

Toxicology Exam 3

Description

Immune Toxicology

Updated

2011-04-11T15:42:18Z

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