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If an intestinal cell in a grashhopper contains 24 chromosomes, a grasshopper sperm cell contains __ chromosomes?
12
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What phase of mitosis is opposite of prophase in terms of nuclear changes?
Telophase
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A biochemist measured the amount of DNA in cells growing in the laboratory and found the amount of DNA doubled between what phases?
G1 and G2 phases of cell cycle
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What is not a function of mitosis?
- repair wounds
- growth
- production of gametes from diploid cells
- replacement of lost or damaged cells
- multiplication of somatic cells
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A fruit fly cell has 8 chromosomes. This means that __ different combinations of chromosomes are possible in its gametes.
16
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Why are individuals with chromosome 21, which causes down syndrome, more numerous than individuals with an extra chromosome 3 or 16?
Extra copies of other chromosomes are probably more fatal
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Compare cytokinesis in plant and animal cells
cleavage furrow pinches animal cell in two, in plant cell the vessicles form a cell plate at midline of parent cell. Cell wall fuse with plasma membrane while cell wall grows and seperates 2 daughter cells.
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Edward was found to be heterozygous (Ss) for sickle-cell trait. The alleles represented by the letters S and s are:
on homologous chromosomes
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Whether an allele is dominant or recessive depends on:
whether it or another allele determines the phenotype when both are present
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Mendel studied the inheritance patterns or 2 inheritance patterns of 2 characters at once to find out what?
whether genes for the 2 characters are inherited together or seperately
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A geneticist found a particular mutation has no effect on the polypeptide coded by a gene. This mutation probably involved:
- deletion of one nucleotide
- alteration of the start codon
- insertion of one nucleotide
- deletion of the entire gene
- substitution of one nucleotide
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which of the following correctly ranks the structures in order of size, from largest to smallest?
chromosome-gene-codon-nucleotide
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The control of gene expression is more complex in multicellular eukaryotes than in prokaryotes because:
eukaryotes have fewer genes, so each gene must do several jobs
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Your bone cells, muscle cells, and skin cells look different because:
different genes are active in each kind of cell
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All your cells contain proto-oncogens, which can change into cancer-causing genes. Why do cells possess such potential time bombs?
Proto-oncogenes normally control cell division
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What would be considered a transgenetic organism?
- a bacterium that has recieved genes via conjugation
- a human given a corrected human blood-clotting gene
- a fern grown in cell culture from a single fern root cell
- a rat with rabbit hemoglobin genes
- a human treated with insulin produced by bacteria
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