chapter 11

opening through which fool passes into body; breaks food into small particles by chewing (mastication) & mixing with saliva

consists mostly of skeletal muscle; attached in posterior region of mouth; provides for movement of food during chewing; directs food to pharynx for swallowing; major organ for taste & speech

10 inch tube extending from pharynx to stomach

AKA > alimentary canal, gastrointestinal tract (GI tract). Organs connect from mouth to anus forming continuous passageway. W/help of accessory organs it prepares food for use by body cells & eliminates solid waste products from body.

separates nasal cavity from oral cavity.

posterior portion of palate not suported by bone.

anterior portion of palate supported by bone

sof V-shaped mass extending from soft palate; directs food into throat.

performs swallowing to pass food from mouth into esophagus

J-shaped sac that mixes & stores food. Secretes digestive chemicals & hormones for loal communication control.

part of stomach area around the opening of esophagus

uppermost domed portion of stomach

central portion of stomach

lower portion of stomach

portion of stomach that connects to small intestine

ring of muscle that guards (gate keeper) the opening between stomach & duodenum

canal extending from pyloric sphincter to large intestine. villae & cappillaries absorb the food and take to cells

first part of small intestine

second portion of small intestine

third part of small intestine;connects to large intestine.

canal extending from ileum to anus; recovery station of the H2O that the small intestine lets go of.

first portion of large intestine; blind U-shape

2nd part of large intestine which is divided into four parts: ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon & sigmoid colon.

last part of large intestine; extends from sigmoid colon to anus

sphincter (ringlike band of muscle fiber that keeps an opening tight) muscle at end of digestive tract

accessory organs of GI tract that produce saliva that flows into mouth

accesory organ of GI tract that produces bile. Bile is necessar for digestion of fats. Liver performs many other functions concerned w/digestion & metabolism.

• passageways that carry bile
• 1) hepatic duct carries bile FROM liver
• 2) cystic duct carries bile FROM gallbladder
• #1 & #2 join to form #3 > common bile duct that carries bile TO duodenum.
• #1, 2 & 3 are referred to collectively as the biliary tract.

small and saclike...stores bile

produces pancreatic juice (who would have guesses?!) which helps digest all food types; also secretes insulin for carbohydrate metabolism.

serous saclike lining of abdominal & pelvic cavities

small pouch that has no function in digestion, attached to the cecum. AKA vermiform appendix.

portion of body beteen thorax & pelvis

combining form for anus

combining form for antrum

combining form for cecum

combining forms for colon (usually denoting the large intestine)

combining form for, yes I bet you guessed it, the duodenum!!!!

combining form for intestine (usually denoting the small intestine)

please tell me you guessed correctly that this is the combining form for esophagus :)

combining form for stomach

combining form for ileum

combining form for what??? YES it IS the jejunum!!!!!

combining forms for mouth

combining forms for rectum

I know its a stretch, but just remember this is the combining form for sigmoid colon!!!!!

combining forms for abdomen or abdominal cavity

oh come on, if you can't figure out what this is the combining form for, I'm not going to tell you!!!!

combining form for lip

combining form for bile duct

combining form for gall and bile

combining form for COMMON bile duct

combining form for diverticulum, or blind pouch, extending from a hollow organ

combining form for gum (think gingivitis and mouthwash commercials)!

combining form for tongue

combining form for liver

combing form for hernia, or protrusion of an organ through membrane or cavity wall (yuck!)

combining form for palate, imagine that!

combining form for pancreas

combining form for peritoneum

common name for small polynesian man....just kiddin....combining form for polyp or small growth

combining form for pylorus or pyloric sphincter

combining form for saliva or salivary gland

prefix meaning half

suffix meaning digestion

inflammation of the good for nothing else besides becoming inflammed appendix

tumor of bile duct

inflammation of gallbladder

condition of stones in COMMON bile duct

condition of gallstones

inflammation of a diverticulum

abnormal conditionn of having diverticula

inflammatio of esophagus

inflammation of stomach

inflammation of stomach and intestines

inflammation of stomach, intestines and colon

inflammation of gums

inflammation of liver

liver tumor

inflammation of palate

inflammation of pancreas

inflammation of peritoneum

abnormal condition of multiple polyps in mucous membrane of intestine (especially colon) with high potential for malignancy.

prolapse of rectum

protrusion of rectum

stone in salivary gland

inflammation of liver associated with excess fat; often caused by alcohol & can lead to cirrhosis

inflammation of uvula

abnormal growing together of 2 surfaces that are normally separated (hence the use of the word "abnormal"!)..may occur after abdominal surgery.....surgical treatment = adhesiolysis or adhesiotomy

eating disorder characterized by prolonged refusal to eat. Results in emaciation, amenorrhea & abnormal fear of becoming obese. Occurs primarily in adolescents & young adults.

eating disorder involving gorging with food followed by purging using induced vomiting or laxative abuse (binging & purging)

chronic liver disease w/gradual cell destruction & scar tissue formation; commonly caused by alcoholism

surgical puncture to remove fluid from abdominal cavity, AKA paracentesis

surgical repair of abdomen

surgical repair of anus

excision of antrum

If you dont know this one you flunk the class!!!

incision into abdominal cavity

suture of lip

excision of gallbladder

incision into COMMON bile duct to remove stone

excision of colon

creation of artificial opening into colon through abdominal wall for passage of stool. Creates mouth like opening in abdominal wall (AKA stoma). Can be permanent or temporary. Used as treatment for bowel obstruction, cancer or diverticulitis.

excision of a diverticulum

suture of intestine

surgical repair of esophagus and stomach

excision of stomach or part of stomach

creation of artificial openin between stomach and jejunum....one of Prof Pete's favorite spelling words!

surgical repair of stomach

creation of artifical opening into stomach through abdominal wall....they then insert tube into it to administer food when person cannot swallow.

surgical removal of gum tissue (so much easier just to remember to floss!!)

suture of tongue

excision of half of the colon

suturing of a hernia (for repair....seriously, what else would it be for???)

creation of artificial opening into the ileum through the abdominal wall...creates mouth-like opening and is used for passage of stool. Treatment for ulcerative colitis, Crohn disease or cancer.

incision into abdomen

surgical repair of palate

excision of polyp

incision into pyloric muscle

surgical repair of pylorus

excision of uvula

surgical repair of uvula, palate & pharynx....used to correct obstructive sleep apnea

an opening created by surgically joining 2 structures, such as blood vessels or bowel segments.

radiographic image of bile ducts

radiographic imaging of bile ducts; involves administration of contast media to outline the ducts

radiographic image of gallbladder; oral cholecystogram can be used to dianose cholelithiasis, but US is preferred / most often choice to diagnose.

radiographic image of colon using CT scan / software

radiographic image of esophagus, using barium as contrast media. AKA esophagram or barium swallow.

instrument used for visual exam of colon

visual exam of colon

instrument used for visual exam within a hollow organ

visual exam within a hollow organ

visual exam of esophagus, stomach and duodenum....sounds like possibly another Prof Pete favorite spelling word!

instrument for visual exam of esophagus

visual exam of esophagus

instrument used for visual exam of stomach

visual exam of stomach

instrument used for visual exam of abdominal cavity. Also used for laparoscopic surgery instead of lapartomy. Cholecystectomy, herniorrhaphy, appendectomy & colectomy can be laparoscopically.

visual exam of abdominal cavity

instrument used for visual exam of rectum

visual exam of rectum

instrument used for visual exam of sigmoid colon

visual exam of sigmoid colon

seires of radiographic images taken of the stomach and duodenum after barium is swallowed, ugh!

pertaining to abdomen

pertaining to anus

without swallowing, inability to swallow

pertaining to colon and rectal

difficult digestion (often used to describe GI symptoms)

difficult swallowinng

pain in stomach

physician who studies and treats diseases of stomach and intestines (GI tract & accessory organs)

study of stomach and intestines OR branch of medicine that treats GI tract & its accessory organ diseases

softening of the stomach

disease of tongue

pertaining to the ileum and cecum

pertaining to nose and stomach

pertaining to mouth

pertaining to pancreas

pertaining to peritoneum

physician who studies and treats diseases of rectum

study of rectum OR branch of medicince that treates disorders of rectum and anus

pertaining to rectum

discharge of excessive amount of fat in stool....usually associated with malabsorption of fat in conditions such as chronic pancreatitis or celiac disease.

pertaining to mouth and stomach

pertaining to under the tongue

abnormal collection of fluid in peritoneal cavity

expelling matter from stomach through mouth, AKA vomitting or the more pretentious >>>vomitus!

involuntary wavelike contractions that propel food along the digestive tract.