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Septa
- thin sheets of tissue
- divide segments
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Peritoneum
layer of mesodermal epithelium that lines body wall
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Pygidium
bears anus (terminal portion) where new segment forms
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What term describes the alternating waves of contraction by longitudinal and circular muscles passing down the body?
Peristaltic contractions
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Parapodia
- specialized sense organs
- used for crawling, swimming, anchoring
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Typhisole
Chloragogen cells outer layer function like liver
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Chloragogen cells
synthesize glycogen and fat and can break down to distribute nutrients to coelom
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Nephridia
- functional unit of kidney
- excretory organ
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Hypodermis
- secrete cuticle
- circular and longitudinal muscles lie inside
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Peristomium
First complete body segment that encircles mouth
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Prostomium
Triangular mass of tissue located on top of the peristomium
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clitellum
conspicuous swollen region including several segments located near the anterior end
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nephridiostome
ciliated funnel, lies anterior to intersegmental septum and leads by a small ciliated tubule through the septom into the segment behind connecting with the main part of nephridium
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Gizzard
grinds food into smaller pieces
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Intestine
Food is digested and absorbed
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chlorogogue tissue
yellowish layer covering much of intestine that is not directly involved in digestion but stores glycogen and lipids
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Annuli
numerous rings around the body
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Molting
periodically replace its exoskeleton with new larger version
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Carapace
- Hard covering of arthropods
- Horseshoe crabs=carapace on cephalothorax
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Spiracle
entrance to trachea
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Lung slit
marks the entrance to the book lungs
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Tagmata
anterior head, large throax, and smaller postabdomen
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Cervical groove
represents the line of fusion between the head and thorax
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Mandible
- basal segment of protopodite greatly enlarged as functional jaw
- second segment small and forming the base of the palpus
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Uropod function?
swimming and egg protection
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Swimmeret function?
- 1-2= reproduction (in male)
- 3-5= h20 circulation, carrying eggs and young
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Function of Cheliped?
Offense, defense, food catching and handling
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Function of maxillipeds?
Touch, taste, food handling
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Function of Maxillas? How many are there?
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Function of mandible
Biting food
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Function of antenna?
Touch and taste
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Malpighian Tubes
- extend from anterior of hindgut
- empty into gut
- remove metabolic waste materials and regulate the concentration of various ions in body fluids
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Coxa
- in the grasshopper
- one of the 5 main segments of the legs
- attached to the ventral body wall
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Book gills
respiratory organs consisting of many thin highly vascularized sheets of tissue in Limulus
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Chelicera
- pincer-like first appendage
- chelicerata characteristic
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Green glands
- type of excretory organ found in crayfish and other crustacea
- located near base of antennae
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Madreporite
- light-colored circular area near the edge of disc at junction of 2 rays
- serves as entrance to water vascular system
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ossicles
skeletal calcareous plates
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Water vascular system
- specialized part of the coelom and is lined with ciliated epithelium
- functions in locomotion, feeding,gas exchange, excretion and sensory perception
- Parts: madreporite, stone canal, circular canal, and radial canals,
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Peristome
circular oral membrane surrounding mouth w/5 calcareous teeth
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Aristotle's Lantern
internal complex chewing apparatus which anchors the teeth and enables them to scrape algae from submerged rocks along the shore
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Oral tentacles
- Surrounds mouth
- modified tube feet that are contant motion
- food particles collect on the sticky surfaces and are passed into pharynx
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Ambulacral groove
one of 5 longitudinal grooves on the oral side of the arms of a sea star that bear many tube feet
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Pedicellariae
- small pincerlike structures found on many sea stars, sea urchins, and brittle stars
- serve to keep the body surface free from debris and fouling organisms
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Test
rigid endoskeleton composed of many fused calcareous plates such as exhibited by sea urchins
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