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What is the current major cause of air pollution in California?
Automobiles
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True or false. The air in 2011 is much dirtier now than it was in 1980.
False.
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The atmosphere was initially generated by a process called what?
Outgassing
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What is the process of Outgassing?
When rocks are heated up, they release gases.
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What are the 4 main atmospheric gases?
- Nitrogen
- Oxygen
- Argon
- Carbon Dioxide
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In radiation, what does Lambda represent?
Wavelength
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What are the broad categories of the Electromagnetic Spectrum?
- Radiowaves / TV Waves
- Microwaves
- Infrared
- Visible Light
- Ultraviolet
- X-Rays
- Cosmic Rays
- Gamma Rays
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What are the three types of UV radiation?
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What is the relationship between Wavelength and Energy?
Inversely proportional
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What does it mean when energy waves go through Scattering?
Energy waves that are reduced, then bounced around in the atmosphere.
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What keeps our global temperature cool?
Atmosphere
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What keeps the earth's surface warm at night?
The scattering of Infrared light
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Most of the Greenhouse Effect is due to water in the atmosphere?
Water Vapor
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What is the biggest contributor to the Greenhouse Effect?
CO2
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What do you get when you add O2 + O. (radical)?
O3 - Ozone
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True or false. Ozone is very stable.
False. Ozone is very unstable.
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In what layor of the atmosphere is natural occurring Ozone located?
Stratosphere
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In which layer of the atmosphere does Ozone become a pollutant?
Troposphere
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Which layer of the atmosphere do we live in?
Troposphere
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Which UV radiation breaks apart O3 to O2 and O radical?
UVB
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Chloroflourocarbons (CFCs) were invented as what?
A propellant
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When were CFCs used widely?
1960s to 1970s
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How often does Chlorine destroy 100,000 Ozone molecules?
10-15 years
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True or false. Bromoflourocarbons work just as well as CFCs.
True.
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Why weren't BFCs used instead of CFCs?
Because BFCs are much more expensive
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What was the problem with Bromine in relation to Ozone?
It is much more efficient and it would have even more quickly eaten away at the Ozone layer.
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Where is the hole in the Ozone layer located?
Over Antarctica
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What two countries does the hole in the Ozone layer adversely affect?
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Over 90% of nonmelanoma skin cancers are due to what kind of UV exposure?
UVB
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Which city has the worst air quality of any city in the United States?
Los Angeles
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What type of system sits over the LA Basin most of the year and pushes the air down?
High Pressure System
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The High Pressure System diverts cold, rainy weather where?
San Fransisco
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What is the negative aspect of High Pressure System?
It keeps anything that we throw up into the air... like pollution
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What is the Environmental Lapse Rate?
The air turns - 3.5 deg F every 1000 feet
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What happens to the Environmental Lapse Rate in a High Pressure System?
Instead of air getting cooler as it rises, the air gets warmer
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What is the Inversion Layer?
- Inverted meaning that instead of getting colder, air gets warmer due to increasing pressure.
- Pressure = 1/Temp
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What we view as the smog line is actually what?
The Inversion Layer
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True or false. There is a natural haze in the LA Basin due to the High Pressure System.
True
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What can break up the High Pressure System temporarily?
Strong wind like a storm
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