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Paraspinal pain
Muscle strain
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Osteoporosis
Compression fracture
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Abnormal gait (knee/hip flexed)
- Spondylolisthesis
- Anterior slip of vertebrae (L5 over S1)
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Systemic sx
Meningitis, Discitis
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Radiates to pelvis
- Renal stones
- Pyelonephritis
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Pain radiates down legs, worse with exertion, positive straight leg raise
Disc herniation
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Pain radiates down legs, pain with walking and standing
Spinal stenosis
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Pain radiates down legs, worse with rest, better with activity
Ankylosing spondylitis
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Pain radiates down legs and with rest
Cancer
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Pain radiates down legs, saddle anesthesia, bladder/bowel dysfxn
Cauda Equina Syndrome
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