Biology 2 Test 3

  1. List the characteristics that combine to define animals

    most are ___
    ____cellular
    Lack ___ ___, instead ...
    Have ____ ___ and ____ _____ which is unque to animals.
    • Most animals are heterotrophs (ingest their food)
    • Multicellular
    • Lack cell walls, instead held together by structual proteins like collagen
    • Have NERVOUS tisssue and MUSCLE tissue UNIQUE to animals
  2. Animal reproduction is mostly ________ and____ is the dominate lifescycle stage

    List the steps and processes of development
    • Sexual
    • Diploid dominate

    • 1. Sperm and eggs (fertilization)
    • 2. zygote
    • 3. cleavage
    • 4. blastula with blastocoel
    • 5. gastrualation
    • 6. Gastrula forms with a blastocoel, blastopore, endoderm, ectoderm, archenteron
  3. Ectoderm
    germ layer covering the embryo's surface; in some phyla gives rise to the central nervous system
  4. endoderm
    innermost germ layer, and lines the developing digestive tube, called the archenteron and also gives rise to the liver, pancreas and lungs
  5. 2 kinds of animals
    • diploblastic -have ecto and endo (cnidarians -jellies and corals)
    • triploblastic- includes mesoderm layer; includes all bilaterians
  6. triploblastic animals that posses a " ___" ____ derived from the MESODERM are called ____.
    • True body cavity or coelom
    • coelomates
  7. Triploblastic animals that form a body cavity from meso and endoerm layers are said to be ________
    pseudocoelomates
  8. Triploblastic animals that do not have a body cavity are called
    acoelomates
  9. Protostome development and examples
    • mouth froms from the blastopore
    • cleavage is spiral (not lined up) and determinate
    • splitting of solid masses of mesoderm froms the coelom

    example: molluscs, annelids
  10. Deuterostome development and examples
    • asshole forms from blastopore
    • cleavage is radial and indeterminate (each cell can develop into complete embryo)
    • mesoderm buds from the wall of the archenteron to form the coelom

    example: chordates, echinoderms
  11. In ____ development, the splitting of the solid masses of mesoderm froms the coelom
    protostome
  12. In____ development, the mesoderm buds from the wall of the archenteron to form the coelom
    deuterostome
  13. Points of agreement on animal phylogeny
    • 1. All animals share a common ancestor
    • 2. Sponges are basal animals
    • 3. Eumetazoa is a clade of animals with true tissues
    • 4. Most animal phyla belong to the clade Bilaterieans
    • 5. Chordates and some other phyla belong to the clade Deuterostomia
  14. The morphology-based tree divides ______ into two clades: ____ and _____
    • bilaterians
    • deuterostomes and protostomes
  15. Recent molecular studies indicates three bilaterian clades;
    Deuterostomia, Ecdysozoa, and Lophotrochozoa
  16. Ecdysozoans shed their exoskeletons through a process called ____
    ecdysis
  17. Some lophotrochozoans have a feeding structure called a _____?
    lophophore
  18. member of a group of animal phyla identified as a clade by molecular evidence ; many are molting animals
    • ecdysozoans
    • ex: arthropods, nematodes
  19. Member of a group of animal phyla identified as a clade by molecular evidence; organisms that have lophophore (brachiopods) or trochophore larvae (molluscs and annelids)
    lophotrochozoans
  20. trocophore larvae
    • distinctive larvae stage in molluscs and annelids
    • Clade: lophotrochozoans
Author
Anonymous
ID
78339
Card Set
Biology 2 Test 3
Description
BIO 2 LARA
Updated