March 28 Study Test

Gas exchange is accomplished by

is an issue of respiration due to swelling which limits air flow (Palatine)

The center in the brain that causes inspiration called the

is bacterial. It would be strep throat

is a puncture of the lung

is chewing food

The goal of ____________ is to get nutrients into absorbable sizes

just secrete mucosa type saliva

sometimes called the cardiac sphincter

Tongue has___________ muscles that assist with moving food and assists with getting out of the way of the teeth

Problems of the stomach:

Jejunum is generally

can be stress related

Stomach usually holds _________ liters of material being solids of liquids

that secrete enzyme particularly pepsin which is a protease that digest proteins

The _____________ is about the last 8 inches of the tube

is a nose bleed

is making contact with the outside world

The center of the brain is stimulated by an increase of carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions not a lack of oxygen

2nd step of breathing is

enters the lungs (it’s not oxygenated)

has 4 poly peptides (protein molecules)

feeds all of your cells oxygen

would be a lactic acid build up which causes fermentation instead of cell respiration.

inflammation that involves the nasal cavity rhinitis

can restrict air flow as well, however the palatine is most significant

is caused by a bug called Mycobacterium tuberculosis

coal mining

is when the alveoli and bronchi get plugged with Neutrophils puss

inflammation of the epiglottis which can cause obstruction of the air way

is infection in primary and/or secondary bronchi

can produce scarring in the lungs

go across the tongue making it possible to depress the tongue and helps with your speech and swallowing

There are 3 sets; parotid, submandibular and the
sublingual glands

is muscle contractions (worm like movement).

has an esophageal sphincter

They secrete about a liter/quart of saliva a day

begins with the saliva

is the largest salivary gland

is the oral or buccal cavity

An enlargement in the lower esophageal sphincter would cause a ____________

is at the bottom of the Rugae folds which have gastric glands

produce hormone called Ghrelin which stimulates appetite

is the first part of the small intestine and only 10 inches long

Acid
reflux medications reduce the _______________ in your stomach

secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor. They are strengthened by B vitamins.

is inflammation of the stomach lining occurring more in someone whose hydrochloric acid is sitting too long

can be problematic. They can bleed and if not treated they could be life threatening. They are blamed on a bug called H-pylori which can exist in low pH

is needed to absorb and produce vitamin b12

is the last section of the small intestine

is connected to the small intestine

Small intestine is made up of folds called __________ that have villi structures

is where the appendix are located

There is no signal from a respiratory center to the diaphragm. It happens automatically because everything is relaxing

rhinitis

Common cold, flu

that monitor the oxygen levels

In the active phase of breathing the diaphragm and the ribs contract causing diaphragm to ____________ creating a vacuum

each one is associated with hemi that is why we call it hemoglobin.

is not classified as URI because it’s down lower.

is inflammation of the pharynx (commonly known as a sore throat). This is most often caused by a virus

begins in the mouth but also includes churning of stomach

insulation, ceiling sprays

During ______________, Neutrophils and white blood cells are trying to go in and clean up the infection. During this process cause the Neutrophils create puss which causes the alveoli and bronchi to get plugged and die

is edema of the vocal cords which can cause Dysphonia (loss of voice or horsiness).

works on sore throats because of pH, causes the pH to multiple.

This will cause scarring in the lungs (the scar tissue will be) where they had alveoli. Advance cases the oxygen
intake will be severely reduced

loss of voice or horsiness

hospital acquired

is caused by the bug streptococcus

Intrinsic muscles in the ___________ are muscle that start and stop there

Chemical Digestion begins with the saliva and meets ___________ juices in the stomach and _________ juices that are in the small intestine

begins in the esophagus and continues all the way to the rear end

in an adult is about 10 inches long

Cells in the ___________ get replaced every couple of days

Under the tongue you have skin called the

is a mixed gland secreting serous and mucus secretions

which is a protrusion of the stomach up into the esophagus. This allows stomach content or juices to make their way back up the esophagus. This is more
problematic in prone position

the reason for _________________ is a lack of hydrochloric acid.

churns food and is capable of absorbing drugs, alcohol, water, and shorter chain fatty acids

connects to the middle section of the small intestine

The _____________________ controls the opening of the stomach into the small intestine and the flow in which food passes

Lining of the stomach is unique. It is formed into folds called

disease is curable

ulcer in the duodenum called

the ____________ is divided into 4 areas: Fundus, body, Pylorus, Cardia.

There are 3 glands here called the gastric glands called

Between small intestine and colon we have a valve called the _________ valve. This is between the ilium and the cecum

palicke that have _______structures. Each one has an arterial, venule, and a lacteal

The final inch of the rectum is referred to as the

The lacteal is part of the

Each _____________ has iron in it, and non- protein iron containing molecule. they each can carry 1 O2 molecule

Problems that restrict cells from getting oxygen;

This can be caused by infection, Nosocomial, alcohol, fumes, and vocal abuse

salt works because of __________. It moves water from an area of lower concentration of solute to an area of higher concentration of solute

is also caused by other bacterial strains, fungi, virus, burp in the lungs. This could be caused by inhaling strong fumes in the lungs that damages the tissue

Other ___________ infections can be caused by complication with anesthesia, inhalation of vomit. This is common in someone that is drunk

involves changing of chemical composition of our foods and physical to be able to absorb

The __________ muscles gives you a lot of versatility to move things around.

that is a fold of mucus membrane. When this is too short it is called Ankyloglossia

is a hole in your diaphragm that the esophagus pass thru

this can cause acid reflux disease (heartburn), GERD (gastro esophageal reflux disease)

The lacteal is part of the lymphatic system. (Blue, red, and green) that absorb nutrients into the villi, to feed the

Ankyloglossia also known as

The saliva coming out of this gland contains enzymes (primarily digestive enzymes like amylase that helps break down carbs). Mumps are an inflammation of these glands.

is normally flattened

thickened white patches in the mouth most common with AIDS advanced patients