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upper respiratory infections affect

head and neck
lower respiratory infections affect
- chest
- can be life threatening
which normal flora doesnt commonly have bacteria

conjunctiva
bacterial upper respiratory infections include (4)
- strep throat
- diphtheria
- pink eye
- otis media
viral upper respiratory infections include (2)
- common cold
- adenoviral pharyngitis
severe infections of strep throat can lead to (4)
- scarlet fever
- rheumatic fever
- toxic shock
- glomerulonephritis
strep throat is tranferred by
- direct contact
- inhalation of droplets
vaccine for diphtheria called
- DTaP and Td
- diphtheria toxoid
a main sign of diphtheria

white pustules on uvola
how diphtheria is transferred
- inhalation
- human to human
how is pink eye and ear aches treated

broad-spectrum antibiotics
common cold can lead to

more serious bacterial diseases
the route of rhinovirus
- attaches to respiratory epithelium
- ciliary action ceases
- causing mucous build-up
adenoviral pharyngitis targets the

adenoids
symptoms of adenoviral pharyngitis are similar to

bacterial pharyngitis
where does adenoviral pharyngitis multiply

inside the host cell
lower respiratory bacterial infections (4)
- pneumonia
- pertussis
- tuberculosis
- legionnaries' disease
diagnosis for pneumococcal pneumonia is done by

culturing bacteria
pneumococcal pneumonia is also known as

community acquired pneumonia
pneumococcal pneumonia is what kind of hemolytic

alpha
which pneumonia causes permanent lung damage

klebsiella
klebsiella pneumonia affects mostly

immunocompromised
klebsiella pneumonia contains (2)
- plasmids contain resistant genes
- capsule- mucoid colonies so its easy to dx
mortality rate of klebsiella pneumonia

50-80%
which pneumonia has no cell wall

mycoplasmal
mycoplasmal pneumonia is also known as

walking pneumonia
diagnois mycoplasmal pneumonia by

PCR or IgM antibodies
the symptoms for mycoplasmal pneumonia are

none (asymptomatic)
main sign of klebsiella pneumonia

bloody sputum
out of all the pnemonias, which one has the longest incubation period?

mycoplasmal
which pneumonia has the highest carrier rate?

pneumoccoal
stage 1 of pertussis is called what and what happens
- catarrhal stage
- runny nose
stage 2 of pertussis is called what and what happens
- paroxysmal stage
- mucous build-up and violent cough
stage 3 of pertussis is called what and what happens
- convalescence stage
- can lead to vomiting and convulsions
pass pertussis by

inhalation droplets
which strain of TB is not transmitted from human to human
- m. bovis
- <1% of cases
chronic illness of TB can lead to

permanent damage to lungs
where does TB colonize
- in alveoli
- stays latent in granulomas
can TB be reactivated

yes
treatment for TB

antibiotic cocktail
Legionnaires' bacteria is normally found
- environment
- moisture
Legionnaires' must have a high or low infecting dose

high
viral infections of lower respiratory (2)
- influenza
- hantavirus
influenza is part of what family

orthomyxovirus
epidemics for influenza are due to

antigenic shifts
hemagglutinin spikes in influenza are used for

attachment to host cells
neuraminidase spikes are used to

release virus from cell
antigenic shift

mutations of single stranded RNA that causes a partial change in genome
influenza spikes damage
- mucociliary escalator
- risk of secondary infections
main sign of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome

septic shock
how does one get hantavirus
- rodent feces
- no human to human
5 F's of transmittion
- food
- feces
- fingers
- flies
- fomites

Author

coronagirl415

78079

Card Set

Respiratory

Description

Diseases

Updated

2011-04-13T15:37:20Z

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