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What was the John Locke viewpoint on child development?
Tablarosa- blank slate concept
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What was Rosseau's theory on child development?
Children are born with an inate sense of justice and reality
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What is the difference between nature vs nuture
- Nature: factors born with
- Nuture: Experience
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What is the maturation theory?
Development reflects the natural unfolding of a pre-arranged biological fan
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What is development determined by (biological theory)
Biological forces
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What is evolutionary theory?
Many behaviors are viewed as adaptive because they have survival value
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What is development determined by (psychodynamic perspective)
How a child resolves conflicts at different ages
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What are the 3 components of personality according to Freud?
ID, Ego, Superego
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What did early learning theories emphasize?
Expirience in development
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What did BF Skinner Study?
Operant conditioning (reinforcement and punishment
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What did Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory Claim?
Children's sense of self efficacy influences influences their behavior
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What is Jean Piaget's cognitive developmental prospective?
Four stage sequence that characterizes a childrens prospective of the world
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What did Lev Vygotsky believe? (adults vs children)
Adults convey beliefds customs and skills of their culture to children
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What did Urie Bronfenbrenner beleive about child development?
development is embedded in a series of complex and interactive systems
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What is the difference between valid and reliable research?
- Valid: correctness
- Reliable: Same results when repeated
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What are correlational studies?
Look at relations as they exist in the real world
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What is a longitudinal Study?
The same induviduals are tested repeatedly
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What is a cross sectional study?
children of different ages are tested
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What are the 1st 22 chromosones called
Autosomes
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What is the 23rd pair of chromosones called?
Sex chromosones
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What is genotype?
Ones complete set of genes
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What is phenotype?
Ones physical, behavioral, and psychological features
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What is a dominant allele?
Chemical instructions are followed
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What is a resessive allelle?
Chemical instructions are ignored
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What is PKU
an Inherited disorder
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What is down syndrone?
Extra 21st chromosone
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What can a genotype lead to depending on enviorment
A variety of phenotypes
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What is niche picking?
Actively seek enviorments related to genes
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What is the period of the zygote?
Egg is fertilized
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What is the period of the embryo?
3-8 weeks, body parts are formed
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What is the period of the fetus
9 weeks to birth- increase in size and systems
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What is the age of viability?
22-28 weeks
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What are the 4 principals of teratogens?
- Teratogens are most apt to cause major structural damage during the embryonic
- period, the greatest time of organ formation.
- Teratogens can effect the developing brain throughout pregnancy.
- Teratogens operate in a dose-response relationship, but we do not know where
- that threshold lies, so it is better to err on the side of caution and stay away
- from teratogens during pregnancy.
- Teratogens may exert their influence long after exposure.
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