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The relationship of breast symptoms: menses, pregnancy/lactation and medications is related to
Hormone changes
A breast self exam (BSE) should be done _______ days after ________
7 days
Menstrual Cycle
A clinical breast exam (CBE) is done every ________ years until the age of ______
3 years
40
What characteristics should be documented in a breast exam?
Pain/Tenderness
Lumps/masses
Location on breast
Skin lesions
Discharge/Galactorrhea (Serous, Milky, Bloody)
Type of benign breast disorders.
Mastalgia (breast pain)
Mastitis (inflammation common in lactating women)
Lactational abscess
Fibrocystic changes (most frequent)
Fibroadenoma (common in black women)
Breast cancer risk factors -
Age:
Heredity:
Menstruation:
Pregnancy:
50
Family history
Early menarches (before 12)
Late menopause (after 55)
Pregnancy after 30
Nulliparity
Breast cancer risk factors -
Weight gain after _________
Exposure to ___________
Menopause
Ionizing radiation
Breast cancer treatment -
Surgery:
Mastectomy (bilaterally reduces risk by 90%)
Lumpectomy
(Goal is to restore muscle use of effected side and get full ROM)
Breast cancer treatment -
Adjuvant:
Chemotherapy
Radiation
Hormone
Ways to treat lymphedema:
Massage
Sleeve
Exercises
Support group
What is a mammoplasty?
Surgical change in size or shape of the breast
Type of breast reconstruction:
Breast implants and tissue expansion
Musculocutaneous flap procedure
Nipple-areolar reconstruction
(be sure to monitor temperature and color/odor of dressing change)
Problems related to menstruation:
When is the onset of PMS?
Days before the period
Problems related to menstruation:
What is dysmenorrhea?
Abdominal pain and discomfort
Problems related to menstruation:
What is amenorrhea?
No menstrual cycle
Primary - No menstruation by age of 16
Secondary - Menstrual cycle just stops
Problems related to menstruation:
What is menorrhagia?
Prolonged bleeding
Problems related to menstruation:
What is metrorrhagia?
Bleeding between cycles
What is the age range of menopause?
42-58 years
S/S of estrogen deficiency:
Vaginal atrophy
Mood changes
Decrease HDL
Increase LDL
Irregular menses
What are alternative treatments of menopause?
Black cohash
Soy
Evening primrose
Ginseng
Vitamin E
Endometrial Cancer -
Prevalence:
Mortality rate:
Treatment:
Most common (malignant)
Low, 94% survival
Surgical
(risk factor is obesity)
Early stages vs later stages of ovarian cancer:
Early - asymptomatic
Later -menstrual irregularities, ascites, abdominal girth
S/S of pelvic inflammatory disease:
Lower abdominal pain
Adenexel tenderness
Cervical motion tenderness
How to treat pelvic inflammatory disease:
IV Antibiotics
Semi-fowlers position
Analgesics
(Exercise promotes drainage)
What are the pelvis support problems?
Cystocele:
Rectocele:
Weakness between bladder and vagina
Weakness between rectum and vagina
Problems with pelvis support -
Risk factors:
S/S:
Vaginal birth
Obesity
Dyspullarity
Urge incontinence
Abdominal pain
Problems with pelvis support -
Treatment:
Pessary - structure that supports the uterus
Surgery - tighten vaginal wall (for cystocele/rectocele)
- hysterectomy (for uterine prolapse)
Regardless of age in females, you always want ask about their last ________
Menstrual period
(are there any changes in it?)
Author
wiscflor
ID
7799
Card Set
Women's Health
Description
WH
Updated
2010-02-24T05:20:11Z
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