March 21 Study Test

they are substances that provoke a specific immune response from the body

This is the body’s ability to keep us free from disease by properly reacting to antigens

they are something that we produce in a response to an antigen

Antibodies

This is an immune system created by T-cells

They differentiate into 2 types (T & B cells)

This has been acquired in a natural way by receiving antibodies that will fight the bug

It is the first nutrition an animal or a baby receives when it is born

They do not produce antibodies and they act against foreign agents or antigens in different ways. They can activate other immune systems or release signaling molecules

They are produced in the red bone marrow and are majority mature there. From here they migrate to lymph tissue and organs

They are first produced in response to an infection initially and found in the mothers milk. They are the first on the scene

Once each ___________ cell has been marked it
can only produce antibodies for the specific antigen

This is clumping together making them less effective at multiplying, enter cells or doing their damage

Is the coating of the antigen to mark it for destruction

is referred to amount of specific antibodies in the plasma

Is when it blocks it from being able to stick to your mucosa make them the washed

______________ empties into the nasopharynx

would be performed in the trachea

Is the air that remains in the lungs as dead air space

Have 3 lobes on the right side and 2 on the left leaving room for the heart

Is the material lining the lungs

Lines the lung cavity

Are small molecules that elicit an immune response only when attached to a larger carrier such as protein

Is an overwhelming infection of a foreign agent (antigen) or failure of the immune system to act properly or efficiently

Is being exposed to a disease or antigens themselves; like the chicken pox or measles

The ______________ makes it artificial

Is blood derived fluid containing antibodies

They are proteins produced by the body in a response to an antigen

They would be bacteria, virus, fungus, protozoa, worms or pollen. They are generally a large protein molecule or a polysaccharide molecule.

Which is also known as Humeral Immunity and involves the B cells that come from lymphocytes or WBC

Most t lymphocytes will migrate to the ____________ when they mature

Antibodies are referred to as

is the immunity acquired from a vaccine

An example of ____________________ would be breast milk or thru the placenta while developing

Are found mostly in the blood and also in mother’s milk

Consists of over 30 different proteins that are produce by the liver

Penicillin is a _________________. You can be
allergic to penicillin. This is possible because in some individuals you have enzymes that allow the penicillin to combine with serum proteins.

the _______________ is what keeps the
immunity game fair

are the majority of the antibodies floating in the blood. (about 80%). They help neutralize toxins in the bold and enhance phagocytosis helping WBC;s do their job

_________________________________________
is immunity gamma globulins

Are on the mucosal surface of the body and are found in your saliva and tears

is produced before milk. It is loaded with antibodies in hopes of jump starting the infant with an immune system

are involved with allergic reactions. They bind to the basophiles and mast cells causing them to release histamine

The nose is separated by

Empties into the nasal cavity

Bronchial Tree branch into secondary bronchi also know as

Lobes are divided into

Keeps the lungs from collapsing

Is the maximum amount of air a person can exhale after taking the largest or deepest inhalation possible

Connects to the primary bronchi and bifurcates into 2 primary bronchi

Throat box or voice box

Apes of the windpipe

Prevents food from entering the trachea

Is the amount of air that moves in and out with relaxed breathing

Is adhered to the lungs

is created by the rib cage that forms the top and the sides of the cavity. The diaphragm is at the bottom

Antigens small than 10,000 molecular weight on their own can’t create a molecular immune response that is referred to as a ___________________

Would be an immunity that we actively acquire

There are 5 types that the body produces that helps the WBC do their job (GMADE)

This process of producing antibodies starts when a B cell or lymphocyte is exposed to an extracellular antigen

These cells can kill unwanted microbes

They stay inactive until they come into contact with an antigen. They then divide many times into clones called plasma cells

Would be tonsils, appendix, lymph nodes, peyer’s patch (inside the small intestine), spleen (white pulp)

Alerts the phagocytes (from WBC) to know there is something to eat

The cells are more effective than the B lymphocytes against fungi, protozoa, worms and are also better at fighting cancer

Your body can produce over 100 million different types of ____________ in your lifetime

Live only a couple of days but each cell produces approximately 2000 antibodies per second

Once antibodies are release from the cell they will go and attach to the antigen or the

B cells divide many times into clones called ____________

Is inside the small intestines

1st exposure is considered the

Are not what makes us sick, it is the toxins or the poisons they release

It also blocks the active site of any toxins that may have been released

The __________ will rise slowly and gradually decline

Mouth

Windpipe

Throat

A diseased liver will cause increased sickness because the _____________ will not work

Back of your nose and upper part of throat

The trachea has _____________ that sweeps mucus along; this mucus keeps debris from getting trapped. Smoking will destroy it.

Are going to feed the gas exchange structures in the lungs called the alveoli

A _____________ is one bronchiole and all the alveoli that it serves

Gas exchange will move in and out of capillaries by

It doesn’t block gas exchange like ammonia, pus, and mucus would

Around the alveoli we have

Basically lines the inside of the ribs

It is harder to breath at higher altitudes because there is _____________ oxygen. City air would be the same due to pollution

Bronchioles are going to feed the gas exchange structures in the lungs called the

Means the infant is not producing any surfactant

If you don’t produce enough fluid between parietal pleura and visceral pleura you will experience a friction rub called

The 30 different proteins that are produced in the liver are molecules that are numbered C1 thru C9 and are capable of splitting into A and B that each has responsibility making the immune system work.

In a 2nd exposure, the ______________________ will rise rapidly and go much higher and slowly decline (years). Shots require boosters for this purpose

When penicillin binds to another molecule giving it more than 10,000 molecular weight total it then turns into an

Agglutination, Opsonization, Neutralization, Compliment System and Titer all happen because of

Abnormal ballooning of an artery due to a weakened arterial wall

Name of the lymphatic structures in the intestinal villa that pick up lipoproteins and deliver them to the blood

Term referring to blood flowing in layers through the arteries

Temporary reversible lack of blood and oxygen to the brain that causes dizziness

A term referring to the diastolic pressure plus 1/3 of the difference between the systolic and diastolic pressure is

Term referring to vessels converging

Sounds used to determine blood pressure with the use of a blood pressure cuff are called

A stroke is also known as a

Shock due to the loss of blood volume is called

Nerve receptors located in large arteries above the heart that monitor blood pressure for negative feedback

Term referring to the difference between systolic and diastolic pressures is

Sounds heard in arteries away from the heart that may indicate atherosclerosis

If tissue isn’t receiving enough blood the tissue is
________________ causing hypoxia

An important nutrient that is reduced by Statin drugs that helps prevents atherosclerosis and reduces blood pressure

This is not an important nutrient for the thyroid

This is not a lymphatic tissue

True or False
Chemo receptors in the aortic arch and the carotid arteries are monitoring oxygen levels in the blood
True False

True or False
Following the flow of the lymph we could say that the lymph vessels bifurcate
True False

True or False
The normal heart sounds created at the heart valves is made by the valves closing shut
True False

True or False
Adenoids are also known as the palatine tonsils
True False

If a person has a blood pressure of 140/80 what is their MAP.