-
____ is the taking of food into digestive system by way of mouth.
ingestion
-
chewing to pulverize food and mix it with saliva
mastication
-
________ is swallowing of food to move it from mouth to stomach
deglutition
-
___ is mechanical and chemical breakdown of food
digstion
-
____mixes food with digestive juices and incers effciency of absoprtion.
segmentation
-
______ is the passage of moleculs of food through mucous membranes of small intestine ( into circulatory and lymphatic systems for distribution)
absorption
-
_____begins at the esophagus; rhythmic wavelike intestinal contractions that move food through the digestive tract.
peristalsis
-
_____ is discharge of idigestible wastes (feces)
defecation
-
______extends from mouth to anus and is also know as the gastrointestinal/ GI tract
- organs of the GI tract include oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach small intestin and large intestin
alimentary canal
-
teeth, tounge, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder and pancreas are _________.
accesory organs
-
_____generally refers to developing stomach and intestine in embryo.
gut
-
Andy of the organs ( lungs,stomach, spleen etc.)
viscera
-
Layers of the alimentary canal are called __________ and there are 4 of them from the esophagus to the anal canal.
tunics
-
______ is the innermost layer of alimnetary cannal, surround lumen of GI tract
-s ecrets mucus, digestive enzymes and hormones
Mucosa
-
secrete mucus throughout the GI tract
Goblet cells
-
____ is a thin biding layer of connective tissue.
- suppors simple coluumnar epithelila tissue
- helps protect against disease
Lamina propia
-
2 thin layes of smooth muscle in mucosa are __________.
muscularis mucosae
-
_____ is realatively thick and highly vascualarized
also contains collagenous fibers, various glands and nerves
2nd layers of alimentary canal
Submucosa
-
_____ provides autonomic nerve supply to muscularis mucosae
submucosal plexus
-
_______ is responsible for segmental contractions and peristalic movment in the alimentary canal
Muscularis externa
-
_____ is the outermost layer of the GI tract.
It is the binding and protecting layer ( much areolar connective tissue)
covered with simple squamous epithelim and connective tissue
Serosa
-
____ is receptacle for food, initiates digestion through mastication, swallowing, forming words airs pasagewya
- defined by cheeks lips, hard palate, soft palate and tounge
Mouth
-
The mouth contains _______, which are antimicrobial compunds proudced in response to injury.
- protect the mouth from disease causing microbes
-refered to as oral or buccal cavity
initates digestion of carbs
froms bolus
defensins
-
_____ is the depression between cheeks and lips externally
- area of gums and teeth internally
vestibule
-
opening of oral cavity is ____________.
oral orifice
-
______ are openings between oral cavity and pharynx.
fauces
-
_____ and ____ assit in manipulating food in oral cavity ,and aid in speech
cheeks and lips
-
each lip is attached by inner surface to gum by a midline fold of mucous membrane called _________.
labial frenulum
-
_____ or ____ is the transition zone between outer skin and muccous membrane of oral cavity
vermilion or red margin
-
_____ fills most of the oral cavity when mouth is closed.
- mostly made of skelatal muscle
covered by a mucous membran
moves food around in mouth during mastication
resposnible for froming bolus
assist ins sallyoing food
essential to producing articulic speech
Tongue
-
_____ _______ is undersurface attachemtn of toung to floor of mouth
lingual frenulum
-
_____ are small elevation on dorasal surface of tounge.
3 tpes on dorsum of tounge
papillae
-
_____ are papillae that are sensitive to touch. They aid in licking semisolid foods, provide friction for manipulating food, and contain keratin which gives awhitish apperance .
filiform
-
Large rounded and reddish type of papillae. They house the tastebuds.
Fungiform
-
Arranged in U-shape on posterior surface, and house taste bunds
Vallate
-
___ is the roof of the oral caivty; coverd by mucoous membranes.
palate
-
______ is underlain by bone and food is pushed agains during chewing.
hard palate
-
___ is transver ridges along hard palate area that serve as friction ridges for tounge during swallowing.
palatal rugue
-
Fold of mostly skeletal muscle
soft palate
-
cone-shaped; free edge that projects downward
uvula
-
accesory digestive glands; produce saliva; initaties digestion of carbs; produced primarly by 3 pairs of glands; moistens food
salivary glands
-
largest of salivary glands; below and inf front of ear
partoid gland
-
submandibular gland
inferior to mandabile and midway on inside of jaw
-
on floor of mouth under tounge
sublingual gland
-
humans have _______
heterodont entetnion
-
sockets containg teeth
alveoli
-
4 pairs; chisel-shaped for cutting and shearing have single root
incisors
-
2 pairs; cons shaped for hoiding and tearing; have a single root
canines / cuspids
-
1,2, or 3 roots; used for curshing and grinding
premolars (bicuspids) and molars
-
2 sets of teeht in lifetiem
siphyodnt
-
20 _______ or ______ teeth
deciduous or milk
-
32 _____ teeth (replacment begins at age 6 to about 17)
permanet
-
______ or ____ are last to errupt. May cause seriouc crowidngor impaction since jaw is fully formed by their apperance
3rd molars or wisdomw teeth
|
|