digstive system.txt

____ is the taking of food into digestive system by way of mouth.

chewing to pulverize food and mix it with saliva

________ is swallowing of food to move it from mouth to stomach

___ is mechanical and chemical breakdown of food

____mixes food with digestive juices and incers effciency of absoprtion.

______ is the passage of moleculs of food through mucous membranes of small intestine ( into circulatory and lymphatic systems for distribution)

_____begins at the esophagus; rhythmic wavelike intestinal contractions that move food through the digestive tract.

_____ is discharge of idigestible wastes (feces)

______extends from mouth to anus and is also know as the gastrointestinal/ GI tract
- organs of the GI tract include oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach small intestin and large intestin

teeth, tounge, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder and pancreas are _________.

_____generally refers to developing stomach and intestine in embryo.

Andy of the organs ( lungs,stomach, spleen etc.)

Layers of the alimentary canal are called __________ and there are 4 of them from the esophagus to the anal canal.

______ is the innermost layer of alimnetary cannal, surround lumen of GI tract
-s ecrets mucus, digestive enzymes and hormones

secrete mucus throughout the GI tract

____ is a thin biding layer of connective tissue.
- suppors simple coluumnar epithelila tissue
- helps protect against disease

2 thin layes of smooth muscle in mucosa are __________.

_____ is realatively thick and highly vascualarized
also contains collagenous fibers, various glands and nerves
2nd layers of alimentary canal

_____ provides autonomic nerve supply to muscularis mucosae

_______ is responsible for segmental contractions and peristalic movment in the alimentary canal

_____ is the outermost layer of the GI tract.
It is the binding and protecting layer ( much areolar connective tissue)
covered with simple squamous epithelim and connective tissue

____ is receptacle for food, initiates digestion through mastication, swallowing, forming words airs pasagewya
- defined by cheeks lips, hard palate, soft palate and tounge

The mouth contains _______, which are antimicrobial compunds proudced in response to injury.
- protect the mouth from disease causing microbes
-refered to as oral or buccal cavity
initates digestion of carbs
froms bolus

_____ is the depression between cheeks and lips externally
- area of gums and teeth internally

opening of oral cavity is ____________.

______ are openings between oral cavity and pharynx.

_____ and ____ assit in manipulating food in oral cavity ,and aid in speech

each lip is attached by inner surface to gum by a midline fold of mucous membrane called _________.

_____ or ____ is the transition zone between outer skin and muccous membrane of oral cavity

_____ fills most of the oral cavity when mouth is closed.
- mostly made of skelatal muscle
covered by a mucous membran
moves food around in mouth during mastication
resposnible for froming bolus
assist ins sallyoing food
essential to producing articulic speech

_____ _______ is undersurface attachemtn of toung to floor of mouth

_____ are small elevation on dorasal surface of tounge.
3 tpes on dorsum of tounge

_____ are papillae that are sensitive to touch. They aid in licking semisolid foods, provide friction for manipulating food, and contain keratin which gives awhitish apperance .

Large rounded and reddish type of papillae. They house the tastebuds.

Arranged in U-shape on posterior surface, and house taste bunds

___ is the roof of the oral caivty; coverd by mucoous membranes.

______ is underlain by bone and food is pushed agains during chewing.

___ is transver ridges along hard palate area that serve as friction ridges for tounge during swallowing.

Fold of mostly skeletal muscle

cone-shaped; free edge that projects downward

accesory digestive glands; produce saliva; initaties digestion of carbs; produced primarly by 3 pairs of glands; moistens food

largest of salivary glands; below and inf front of ear

submandibular gland

on floor of mouth under tounge

humans have _______

sockets containg teeth

4 pairs; chisel-shaped for cutting and shearing have single root

2 pairs; cons shaped for hoiding and tearing; have a single root

1,2, or 3 roots; used for curshing and grinding

2 sets of teeht in lifetiem

20 _______ or ______ teeth

32 _____ teeth (replacment begins at age 6 to about 17)

______ or ____ are last to errupt. May cause seriouc crowidngor impaction since jaw is fully formed by their apperance