CH12: Psychological Disorders

any pattern of emotions, behaviors, or thoughts inappropriate to the situation & leading to personal distress or the inability to achieve important goals

false sensory experiences that may suggest mental disorder

• extrene disorder of thinking
• persistent false beliefs
• hallmark of paranoid disorders

refers to emotion or mood

view that mental disorders are diseases that have physical causes & require specific treatments

• 4th edition of Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
• classification system most widely accepted psychiatric in US

• before DSIM-IV
• label for subjective distress or self-defeating behavior that did not show signs of brain abnormalities or grossly irrational thinking

disorder involving profound disturbances in perception, rational thinking, or affect

• abnormal disturbances in emotion or mood
• includes bipolar & unipolar disorder
• aka. affective disorders

form of depression that does not alternate with mania

• DSM-IV course specifier for mood disorders
• believed to be form of depression caused by deprivation of sunlight

mental abnormality involving swings of mood from mania to depression

• mental problems characterized mainly by anxiety
• panic disorder, specific phobias, & OCD

psychological problem characterized by persistent & pervasive feelings of anxiety, w/o any external causes

• disturbance marked by panic attacks that have no obvious connection w/ events in the person's present experience
• victim free of anxiety between attacks

• fear of public places & open spaces
• accompanies panic disorder

group of anxiety disorders involving a pathalogical fear of a specific objector situation

notion that we have innate tendency, acquired through natural selection, to respond quickly & automatically to stimuli that posed s survival threat to our ancestors

condition characterized by patterns or persistent, unwanted thoughts & behaviors

• psychological problems appearing in the form of bodily symptoms or physical complaints
• weakness or excessive worry about disease
• include conversion disorder & hypochondriasis

• type of somatoform disorder
• marked by paralysis, weakness, or loss of sensation but w/o discernible physical cause

• somatoform disorder involving excessive concern about health & disease
• aka. hypochondria

• group of pathologies involving "fragmentation" of the personality
• some parts of personality have become detached or dissociated from other parts

• psychologically induced loss of memory for personal info
• one's identity or residence

same as dissociative amnesia, but with the addition of "flight" from one's home, family, & job

• abnomality involving the sensation that mind & body have seperated
• "out-of-body" experience

condition in which an individual displays multiple identities or personalities

• eating disorder that involves persistent loss of appetite that endangers one's health
• stems from emotional/physiological reasons rather than from organic causes

eating disorder characterized by eating binges followed by "purges" induced by vomiting or laxatives

psychotic disorder involving distortions in thoughts, perceptions, &/or emotions

• in reference to schizophrenia
• genetic factors place the individual at risk while environmental stress factors transform this potential into an actual schizophrenic disorder

conditions involving a chronic, pervasive, inflexible, & maladaptive pattern of thinking, emotion, social relationships, or impulse control

• characterized by a grandiose sense of self-importance
• preoccupation w/ fantasies of success or power & a need for constant attention or admiration

characterized by a long-standing pattern of irresponsible behavior indicating a lack of conscience & a diminished sense of responsibility to others

unstable personality given to impulse behavior

a developmental disorder marked by disabilities in language, social interaction, & the ability to understand another person's state of mind

• a reading disability
• thought by some experts to involve a brain disorder

developmental disability involving short attention span, distractibility & extreme difficulty in remaining inactive for any period

legal term referring to a person who is unable, because of mental disorder or defect, to conform his or her behavior to the law

anxiety disorders

mood disorders

schizophrenia

dissociative disorders

childhood disorders

eating disorders

somatoform disorders

personality disorders