Pedile: projects posteriorly to transverse process.
Lamina: continues from pedicle. Both lamina meet to from the arch.
Processses associated with typical vertebra?
Spinous process: singular process that projects from dorsal aspect
Transverse process: projects laterally from junction at pedicle and lamina. Sites for muscle attachments.
Superior articular process: has facet that allows articulation with superior vertebrae.
Inferiour articular process: inferior and posterior to Superior articular process. Articulates with inferior vertebrae.
Cervical Vertebrae
C1-C7
Transverse foramina: openings in C1-C6/C7 that allow verterbral arteries to the brain.
Bifid spinous process C2-C6
C1 or Atlas
Not true vertebrae level.
Superior articular facets articulate with the occipital condyles to form the atlanto-occipital joint
C2 or Axis
Dens or odontoid process: unique process projecting in a vertical plain superirorly. Articulates with the atlas allowing for circumferencial movements.
Thoracic Vertebrae
12 thoracic vertebrae
spinous processes
Superior costal facets: superior dorsal aspect of vertebral bodies.
Inferiror costal facets: inferior dorsal aspect of vertebral bodies.
Transvers costal facets: lateral most aspects of transverse processes.
Lumbar Vertebrae
5 vertebrae
Blunt or rounded spinous process
Secondary curviture
Sacrum
5 fused segments of bone
Aricular Surface: superior lateral aspect of sacrum. Articulate with the aricular surface of the ilium to form sacroiliac joint.
Medial sacral crest
: ridge in the midline on the dorsal surface. Fusion of spinous process S1-S5.
Posterior sacral foramina: lateral on both sides of the medial sacral crest. Allow passage of spinal nerves.
Superior articular processes of the sacrum: articulate witht the inferior articular process of the 5th lumber.