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8 categories – topical skin preparations:
Protectants/Emollients - Antipruritics Keratolytics - Acne Agents -
- Scabicides Antifungals - Local anti-infective
- Enzymatics
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Treatment: soothe, protect & seal out wetness for conditions such as diaper rash, irritation, abrasions, & minor burns
Protectants/Emollients
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Protectants/Emollients meds
Topical ointments – A&D & Desitin
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Treatment: SHORT-TERM to relieve itching/discomfort from dermatitis (rashes) associated w/ allergic reactions, poison ivy, hives & insect bites.
Antipruritics
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Antipruritics meds
Lanacaine, Benzocaine “-caine’s” (Local Anesthetics)
Benadryl (antihistamines)
Kenalog, Topicort (corticosteroids)
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antipruretic SE
- allergic reaction
- skin irritation, rash
- sedation from antihistamines
- stinging/burning sensation
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antipruretic CI
- open wounds – delays healing
- prolonged use (SHORT TERM USE ONLY)
- hypersensitivity
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antipruretic PE
avoid covering w/ dressings unless directed by physician trim children’s fingernails to reduce infection from scratching
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Treatment: -avoid prolonged use (SHORT TERM ONLY)
-controls abnormal scaling of the skin such as dandruff, seborrhea & psoriasis
-promotes peeling of the skin in conditions such as acne, hard corns, calluses & warts
keratolytics
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keratolytics meds
- Compound W
- clearasil (salicylic acids)
- Neutrogena (coal tar)
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keratolytics SE
- Photosensitivity
- Irritation to eyes & mucous membranes
- Severe skin irritation
- Systemic effects in allergic pts or w/ multiple apps
- prolonged use
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CI keratolytics
- open skin
- hypersensitivity
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Treatment: Treatment of type 1 – type 4 acne
acne agents
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Meds:
- Type 1 (mild nonprescription topical) - sulfure, salicylic acid, benzoyl peroxide
- Type 2 (prescribed topical antibiotics) – tetracycline, erythromycin
- Type 3 (course of oral antibiotics) – tetracycline, erythromycin w/ addt’l meds
- Type 4 (no response to topical therapy; systemic hormones “BCP” & retinoids “accutane”)
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SE acne agent
skin irritation
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PE acne agent
avoid drugs w/ sulfa (makes you more sensitive to sunlight)
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Treatment: Treats scabies & lice
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Scabicies & Pediculicides
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scbies medication
permethrin, lindane (systemic)
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lice meds
RID (pyrethrin)
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CI Scabicies & Pediculicides
- acutely inflamed, raw surfaces
- pregnancy, lactation, children, elderly
- pts weight less than 110 lbs.
- uncontrolled seizures
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PE scabecides
caution w/ infants who suck their thumbs
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treatment for Monilial infections (candidiasis) such as thrush, diaper rash, vaginitis, athlete’s foot, jock itch
antifungal
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antifungal meds
Lamisil, Lotrimin, Mycostatin, Monistat
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Treatment: prevents & treats infection
Local anti-infectives
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inhibits bacteria growth
bacteriostatic
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chemicals that kill bacteria (for inanimate objets only)
bactericidal
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antiseptic meds used for surgical scrubs & bacteriostatic skin cleansers
- chlorihexidine
- povidone-iodine
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Treatment: inhibits bacteria growth
includes disinfectants
antiseptic
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