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The act of listening to sounds of the body
auscultation
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Bones of the skeleton that form the central or supportive core
axial skeleton
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specialized proteins found within the muscle cells that interact with one another to cause muscle force production
- contractile proteins
- (major ones are actin and myosin)
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the articulations between bones, typically classified according to structure as being fibrous, cartilaginous, or synovial
joints
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a single somatic motor neuron an the group of muscle fibers innervated by it
motor unit
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the orientation of the muscle fibers to the longitudinal axis of the muscle
muscle fiber architecture
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specialized proteins found within muscle cells that block the binding of the contractile proteins to one another and thus keep the muscle in a relaxed state
- regulatory proteins
- (troponin and tropomyosin)
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front of the body
anterior
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below the surface and not relarively close to the surface
deep
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furthest point in distance from a given anatomic reference point
distal
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away from the head
inferior
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away from the midline of the body
lateral
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toward the midline of the body
medial
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the back of the body
posterior
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closest point in distance to a given anatomic reference point
proximal
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located close to or on the body surface
superficial
-
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What is the primary function of the cardiovascular system
transport of nutrients and removal of waste products
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what nutrients does the cardiovascular system distribute
nutrients such as glucose, free fatty acids, amino acids to cells
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what metabolic waste does the cardiovascular system remove
carbon dioxide, urea, lactate
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the heart is covered by a double-walled, loose fitting, membranous sac called
pericardium
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the thickest layer of tissue in the heart
myocardium
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inner layer of the myocarduym is lined with a thin layer of
endocardium
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the atria and ventricles of the heart are separated by the
interartial septum and interventricular septum
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blood through the heart
- 1. superior/inferior vena cava
- 2. right atrium through tricuspid valve
- 3. right ventricle through pulmonary valve
- 4. pulmonary artery to lungs
- 5. pulmonary veins to left atrium
- 6. biscupid valve to left ventricle
- 7. aortic valve to aorta to body
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components of the heart's conduction system
SA node, AV node, AV bundle, bundle branches, purkinje fibers
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