-
When does the lower limb bud appear relative to the upper limb bud?
lower limb bud appears 2 days after the upper limb bud
-
How do the upper and lower limbs rotate during development?
lower limb rotates medially, upper limb rotates laterally
-
deep fascia of the thigh
- fascia lata
- contains saphenous opening, where great saphenous vein joins the femoral vein
-
deep fascia of the leg
- crural fascia
- separates into anterior, lateral, posterior
- posterior compartment subdivides into superficial and deep layer
-
deep fascia of the ankle and foot
- ankle: superior and inferior extensor retinaculum, flexor retinaculum, superior and inferior fibular retinaculum
- foot: dorsum has thin fascia, plantar fascia is thin over muscles and thickens centrally -> plantar aponeurosis
-
Branches of internal iliac
- superior gluteal: thru greater sciatic foramen sup to piriformis
- inferior gluteal: thru greater sciatic foramen inf to piriformis
- obturator: thru obturator canal to middle thigh
-
External iliac
- becomes femoral artery below inguinal ligament
- gives off profunda femoris
- goes thru adductor canal to popliteal fossa, becomes popliteal artery
- anterior and posterior tibial arteries given off by popliteal
- posterior tibial artery gives off fibular artery
-
lumbar plexus
- I saw icy icky geese looking forward onto london
- Iliohypogastric (L1)
- Ilioinguinal (L1)
- Genitofemoral (L1-2)
- Lateral femoral cutaneous (L2-3)
- Femoral (L2-4)
- Obturator (L2-4)
- Lumbosacral trunk (L4-5)
-
femoral nerve
- innervates iliacus muscle and pectineus muscle
- all muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh
- cutaneous branches to the anterior thigh, medial leg, medial foot
-
obturator
- thru obturator canal
- innervates most muscles of medial compartment of thigh
- skin on medial aspect of thigh
-
lateral femoral cutaneous
ilioinguinal
femoral part of genitofemoral
- skin on lateral thigh
- skin on upper medial thigh
- skin on upper medial thigh
-
sacral plexus
- formed by lumbar trunk and spinal nerves S1-4
- superior gluteal nerve - thru greater sciatic foramen
- inferior gluteal nerve - thru greater sciatic foramen
- posterior femoral cutaneous nerve - skin on posterior thigh and inf gluteal region
- sciatic nerve (largest branch) - tibial nerve (posterior compartment of thigh and leg, plantar surface), common fibular nerve aka peroneal (anterior and lateral compartment of leg
- pudendal nerve
-
dermatome pain
- L2-3: anterior/mid-thigh
- L4: knee and middle malleolus
- L5: web between 1st and 2nd toe
- S1: lateral malleolus
-
Motor deficiencies in radiculopathy
- L2-4: knee extension, hip adduction
- L5: ankle dorsiflexion, big toe extension
- S1: ankle plantar flexion, knee flexion, hip flexion
-
Which nerve innervates the medial thigh compartment?
Obturator
-
Which nerve innervates the anterior thigh compartment?
femoral nerve
-
Which nerves innervate the gluteal region?
superior and inferior gluteal nerves
-
Innervation to posterior thigh
tibial nerve
-
Innervation to lateral compartment of the leg?
Common fibular nerve (peroneal) thru superficial fibular nerve branch
-
Innervation to anterior compartment of leg?
common fibular nerve (pudendal) thru deep fibular nerve branch
-
primary innervation to the foot?
tibial nerve
-
-
-
-
femoral triangle
- base: inguinal ligament
- medial side: adductor longus
- lateral side: sartorius
- floor: iliopsoas and pectineus
- roof: tensor fascia lata
- femoral VAN goes thru, great saphenous vein
-
femoral sheath
- lateral: femoral artery
- intermediate: femoral vein
- medial compartment: lymphatic
- femoral nerve not enclosed!
-
structures that pass thru greater sciatic foramen
- piriformis muscle
- sciatic nerve, inf gluteal nerve, superior gluteal nerve, pudendal nerve
- superior gluteal artery/vein, inf gluteal A/V, internal pudendal A/V
-
structures that pass thru the lesser sciatic foramen
obturator internus tendon, pudendal nerve, internal pudendal a/v (to the perineum)
|
|
