Chemistry Terms Ch.7/8

The temperature at which solid and liquid are in equilibirum.

The temperature at which a liquid and gas are in equilibrium.

A solid state turning into a gas phase without going through a liquid state (dry ice).

The amount of energy that must be supplied to break a bond and seperate atoms in an isolated gaseous molecule.

A spontaneous reaction or process that releases free energy and has a negative "delta" G.

A nonspontaneous reaction or processs that absorbs free energy and has a positive "delta" G.

The amount of energy needed for reactants to surmount the energy barrier to reaction. (determines reaction rate)

A state in which the rates of forward and reverse reactions are the same.

A force that acts between molecules and holds molecules close to one another.

The attractive force between positive and negative ends of polar molecules (H_2O).

The short-lived attractive force due to the constant motion of electrons within molecules. (H₂).

Because when a hydrogen is attached to an O, N, or F atom, it can get EXTREMLY close to it increasing the forceful hold it has on it, allowing other molecules to get even closer.

The partial pressure of gas molecules in equilibrium with a liquid.

A molecule whose constituent particles are ions. (sodium chloride)

A solid who is held together through intermolecular forces. (ice, sucrose)

Atoms which are linked together by covalent bonds into giant 3d arrays. Aka 1 very large molecule (diamonds, quartz)

A solid whose constituent particles are randomly arranged and have no orgered long-range structure. (glass)