diltiazem_hcl.txt

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Diltiazem HCL

Trade Name

Cardizem
Diltiazem HCL

Class

Calcium channel blocker
Diltiazem HCL

Mechanism of Action
- Block influx of calcium ions into cardiac muscle:
- Prevents spasm of coronary arteries
- Arterial and venous vasodilator
- Reduces preload and afterload
- Reduces myocardial oxygen demand
Diltiazem HCL

Indications
- Control of rapid ventricular rates
- Atrial Flutter
- Atrial Fibrillation
- SVT
Diltiazem HCL

Contraindications
- Hypotension
- Sick sinus syndrome
- Second or Third degree Heart Block
- Cardiogenic shock
- Wide-complex Tachycardias
Diltiazem HCL

Adverse Reactions
- Bradycardia
- Second or Third Degree Heart Blocks
- Chest pain
- CHF
- Syncope
- V-Fib
- V-tach
- Nausea/Vomiting
- Dizziness
- Dry mouth
- Dyspnea
- Headache
Diltiazem HCL

Drug Interactions
- Caution in patients using medications that affect cardiac contractility
- In general, should not be used in patients on Beta-blockers
Diltiazem HCL

How Supplied
- 25 mg/5 ml vial
- 50 mg/10 ml vial
Diltiazem HCL

Dosage and Administration
Adult
- Initial bolus: 0.25 mg/kg (average dose 20 mg) IVP over two (2) minutes.
- If inadequate response, may re-bolus in 15 minutes: 0.35 mg/kg IV over two (2) minutes.
- Maintenance infusion of 5-15 mg/hour
Diltiazem HCL

Dosage and Administration
Pediatric

Not recommended
Diltiazem HCL

Duration of Action
- Onset: 2-5 minutes
- Peak effect: Variable
- Duration: 1-3 hours
Diltiazem HCL

Special Considerations
- Pregnancy safety: Category C
- Use in caution in patients with renal or hepatic
- dysfunction
- PVCs may be noted at time of conversion of SVT
- Standard EMS dose may exceed standard ED dose
- ONLY GOOD FOR 30 DAYS NON-REFRIGERATED

Author

papeirce

77032

Card Set

diltiazem_hcl.txt

Description

Prehospital Medication Flashcards for Paramedic School - Massachusetts and Rhode Island

Updated

2011-04-03T20:39:52Z