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Naloxone
Trade Name
Narcan
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Naloxone
Class
Narcotic antagonist
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Naloxone
Mechanism of Action
- Competitive inhibition at narcotic receptor sites
- Reverse respiratory depression secondary to depressant drugs
- Completely inhibits the effect of morphine
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Naloxone
Indications
- Opiate overdose
- Coma
- Complete or partial reversal of CNS and respiratory depression induced by opioids
- Narcotic agonist
- Morphine, heroin, hydromorphone (Dilaudid), methadone, Meperidine (Demerol), Paregoric, Fentanyl (Sublimase) Oxycodone (Percodan), codeine, propoxyphene (Darvon)
- Narcotic agonist and antagonist
- Butorphanol (Stadol)Pentazocine (Talwin)Nalbuphine (Nubain)
- Decreased level of consciousness
- Coma of unknown origin
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Naloxone
Contraindications
- Use with caution in narcotic-dependent patients
- Use with caution in neonates of narcotic-addicted mothers
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Naloxone
Adverse Reactions
- Withdrawal symptoms in the addicted patient
- Tachycardia
- Hypertension
- Dysrhythmias
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diaphoresis
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Naloxone
Drug Interactions
Incompatible with bisulfite and alkaline solutions
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Naloxone
How Supplied
- 0.02 mg/ml (neonate), 0.4 mg/ml, 1 mg/ml, 2.0 mg/5 ml ampules
- 2 mg/5 ml prefilled syringe
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Naloxone
Dosage and Administration
Adult
- 0.4 -2.0 mg IV, IM, SC, IN;
- min. recommended = 2.0 mg.; repeat at 5 minute
- intervals to 10 mg maximum dose. (Medical Control may request higher amounts)
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Naloxone
Dosage and Administration
Pediatric
0.1 mg/kg dose IV, IM, SC, IN maximum of 0.8 mg; if no response in 10 minutes, administer an additional 0.1 mg/kg dose
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Naloxone
Duration of Action
- Onset: within 2 minutes
- Peak effect: variable
- Duration: 30-60 minutes
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Naloxone
Special Considerations
- Pregnancy safety: category B
- Seizures without causal relationship have been reported
- May not reverse hypotension
- Use caution when administering to narcotic addicts (violent behavior, etc.)
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