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benign tumor of salivary gland
adenoma
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malignant tumors of salivary glands
specific names:
1. adenoid cystic carcinoma
2. mucoepidermoid carcinoma
adencarcinoma
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most common (90%) benign tumors
mixed tissues
Slowly enlarging, nonulcerated, painless, dome-shaped mass
Plemorphic Adenoma
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Benign encapsulated salivary gland tumors that are much rarer than pleomorphic adenomas
Occurs in adults in upper lip
Monomorphic Adenoma
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Type of monomorphic adenoma with 2 tissue types (epithelial and lymphoid)
Presents as a painless, soft, fluctuant mass of the parotid gland
- Warthin’s Tumor
- (Adenolymphoma)
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Malignant tumor of salivary gland origin that can originate from either major or minor salivary gland tissue
painful bc surround the nerves
- Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
- (Cylindroma)
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Malignant salivary gland tumor
Most likely associated with parotid
Slowly enlarging mass
Can appear within bone – uni or multilocular (RL) in mandibular PM and Molar
children!
Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma
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derived from tooth-forming tissues
ODONTOGENIC TUMORS
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Benign, slow growing aggressive epithelial odontogenic tumor occurring in both max. and mand. (when in the maxilla – DEATH)
Radiographically – multilocular soap-bubble-like (honeycombed) (RL)
80% in mandible – in the MOLAR-RAMUS area
Ameloblastoma
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also known as a Pindborg tumor
Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor (CEOT)
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benign epithelial odontogenic tumor that occurs less frequently than an ameloblastoma
tumor is composed of islands and sheets of polyhedral epithelial cells
Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor (CEOT)
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benign nonencapsulated infiltrating tumor composed of pale-staining mucopolysaccharide substances with dispersed cells having long processes
young people – 10 – 29 years
Odontogenic Myxoma
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a benign well-circumscribed tumor composed of fibrous CT and rounded or globular calcifications resembling cementum
cementifying fibroma
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calcifications resemble bone trabeculae
ossifying fibroma
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calcifications are a mixture of cementum and bone trabeculae
cemento-ossifying fibromas
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cementum producing lesion that is fused to the root of a tooth
well defined (RO)mass in continuity with the root or roots of the affected tooth and obliterates the apex of the tooth
Benign Cementoblastoma
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common condition of unknown cause that affects periapical bone
“Cementoma” – but is not a neoplasm
not a premalignant condition
Black Females-older!
fibro-osseous lesion
Periapical Cemental Dysplasia
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fibro-osseous lesion ( mixed RL/RO lesion )
a condition of disordered cementum and bone development
involves multiple quadrants
dense, sclerotic masses of bone or cementum appear as large (RO) areas
older black women
Florid Osseous Dysplasia
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benign, nonencapsulated odontogenic tumor composed of both strands and small islands of odontogenic epithelium and tissue that resembles dental papilla
young children (less than 20 years)
Ameloblastic Fibroma
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encapsulated, benign epithelial odontogenic tumor that has a distinctive age, sex, and site distribution
does not reoccur
duct-like structure in make-up
adenomatoid – gland-like
70% OATS in females less than 20 years old and 70% in anterior max.
Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor – (AOT or OAT)
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nonaggressive cystic lesion lined by odontogenic epithelium with associated ghost cell keratinization
ghost cells – round structures with clear centers
Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst
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odontogenic tumor composed of mature enamel, dentin, cementum, and dental pulp
most common odontogenic tumor
2 types:
- Odontoma
- (compound/complex)
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collection of numerous small teeth-anterior maxilla
compound odontoma
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mass of enamel, dentin, cementum, and pulp that doesn’t resemble a normal tooth-posterior mandible
complex odontoma
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exophytic lesion occurring only on the gingiva probably from cells of PDL
composed of cellular CT interspersed with scattered bone or cementum
well-demarcated sessile or pedunculated lesion originating from interdental papilla
Peripheral Ossifying Fibroma
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benign tumor of mature fat cells
yellowish mass surfaced with thin overlying epithelium
Lipoma
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neurofibroma and schwannoma are benign tumors derived from
nerve tissue
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also called a shwannoma
neurilemmoma
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both are derived from Schwann cells
- tongue is most common intraoral site for these tumors
tumors of nerve tissue
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Neurofibromas occur in multiple neurofibromatosis syndrome called-numerous on the skin
Von Recklinghausen’s disease
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benign tumor composed of large cells with granular cytoplasm
occurs on tongue as a painless, nonulcerated nodule
Granular cell tumor
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a granular cell tumor present at birth that presents as a sessile or pedunculated mass on the gingiva in the anterior maxilla in girls
Congenital Epulis
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extremely rare in the oral cavity
tumor of muscles
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benign tumor of striated muscle
rhabdomyoma
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tumor of smooth muscle – very raree
leiomyomas
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malignant tumor of striated muscle – most common malignant soft tissue tumor of the head/neck in children
rhabdomysarcoma
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benign proliferation of capillaries
a common vascular lesion
most are present at birth
tongue is most common intraoral location
hemangioma
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benign tumor composed of lymphatic vessels
most common in tongue
Lymphangioma
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a cystic lymphangioma in the neck
cystic hygroma
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a malignant vascular tumor
Kaposis sarcoma
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Multiple sites composed of spindle-shaped cells mixed with slit-like spaces containing RBC
Presents as multiple purplish tumors of the lower extremities in elderly men
Hard palate and gingiva are the most common intraoral sites
Associated with HIV
Malignant Vascular Tumors
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intraoral commonly located on hard palate
2x more women than men
between ages of 20-50 years
Melanocytic Nevi
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A tumor of melanocytes – nevus cells
Pigmented congenital lesion – present at birth
NEVUS
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associated with sunlight exposure
rapidly enlarging bluish to black mass
Malignant Melanoma
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benign lesion composed of normal compact bone
torus
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small nodules excrescence of normal compact bone occurring on buccal surface of max. or mandibular molar region
Exostosis
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a benign tumor composed of mature, normal-appearing bone
slow growing tumor
asymptomatic
Osteoma
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benign tumor composed of cellular fibrous C.T. and bonerare but when they do occur, usually adults in 30’s – 40’s
Ossifying Fibroma
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malignant tumor of bone-forming tissue
most common 1° malignant tumor of bone in patients less than 40 years
tumors occur in mandible 2x more than maxilla
patient presents with a toothache or tooth mobility
"SUNBURST" pattern radiographically
Osteosarcoma
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benign tumor of cartilage
chondroma
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a malignant tumor of cartilage
chondrosarcoma
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overproduction of atypical WBC
leukemia
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most common in children and young adults and is characterized by a proliferation of poorly differentiated cells
acute leukemia
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exhibits a proliferation of well-differentiated cells that occurs most frequently in middle-aged adults
chronic leukemia
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a malignant tumor of lyphoid tissue
clinical presentation of lymphoma is the gradual enlargement of involved lymph nodes
most common location for oral lymphoma is the tonsillar area
Lymphoma (Non-Hodgkins)
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localized tumor of plasma cells in soft tissue
extramedullary plasmacytoma
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patients have fragments of immunoglobulins present in the urine
Bence Jones proteins
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systemic, malignant proliferation of plasma cells causing destructive lesions of bone
Multiple Myeloma
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