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gastrointestinal agents

  1. purpose of antiemetics
    • to treat and prevent:
    • motion sickness
    • nausea
    • vomiting
  2. action of antiemetics
    • blocks H1 receptor sites
    • inhibits chemoreceptor trigger zone
  3. potential A/R antiemetics
    • extrapyramidal sydrome
    • LIFE THREATENING agranuloctosis,respiratory depression
  4. major S/E antiemetics
    • hypertension
    • hypotension
    • urinary retention
    • dry mouth and eyes
  5. purpose of emetics
    • to induce vomiting
    • (from toxic substances before absorption occurs)
  6. purpose of antidiarrheals
    to treat diarrhea by slowing intestinal motility
  7. action of antidiarrheals
    inhibiton of gastric motility
  8. S/E antidiarrheals
    • weakness
    • flush
    • rash
    • urine retention
  9. A/R of antidiarrheals
    • angioneurotic edema
    • LIFE THREATENING paralytic ieus,toxic megacolon, severe allergic reaction
  10. purpose of laxatives
    • short term treatment for constipation
    • bowel preparation for diagnostic tests
  11. action of laxatives
    increases peristalsis by direct effect on smooth muscle of intestine
  12. S/A of laxatives
    • anorexia
    • nausea
    • vomiting
    • cramps
    • diarrhea
  13. A/R of laxatives
    • dependence, hypokalemia
    • Life Threatening tetany
  14. purpose of anticholinergics
    to treat peptic ulcers
  15. action of anticholinergics
    • decrease GI motility and secretions
    • block histamine and HCL
    • delay gastric emptying time
  16. S/E and A/R of anticholinergics
    • dry mouth
    • constipation
    • urinary retention
    • tachycardia
  17. purpose of antacids
    to promote ulcer healing
  18. action of antacids
    • neutralize HCL
    • reduce pepsin activity
  19. S/E & A/R of antacids
    electrolyte imbalances
  20. purpose of histamine-2 blockers
    • to prevent and treat peptic ulcers
    • gastroesophageal reflux
    • stress ulcers
  21. action of histamine-2 blockers
    inhibit gastric acid secretion by inhibiting H2 receptors in parietal cells
  22. S/E & A/R of histamine-2 blockers
    • headache
    • const or diarrhea
    • rash
    • impotence
    • gynecomastia
  23. purpose of pepsin inhibitor
    to treat peptic ulcers
  24. action of pepsin inhibitor
    combines with protein to form a viscous substance that cover the ulcer and protects it from acid and pepsin
  25. S/E & A/R of pepsin inhibitor
    • dry mouth
    • constipation
  26. purpose of gastric acid secretion inhibitor
    to treat ulcers and GERD
  27. action of gastric acid secretion inhibitor
    decreases gastric acidity by inhibiting activity of hydrogen and potassium ATP on the surface of gastric parietal cells
  28. S/E & A/R of gastric acid secretion inhibitor
    • dry mouth
    • diarrhea or constipation
  29. purpose of prostaglandin analogs
    • to prevent NSAID
    • induced gastric ulcers
  30. action of prostaglandin analogs
    • replaces gastric prostaglandins depleted by NSAID therapy
    • decreases gastiric acid secretion
    • increases gastric mucus
  31. S/E & A/R of prostaglandin analogs
    • nausea
    • vomiting
    • constipation
    • menstrual spotting
Author
cwawrzyn
ID
76565
Card Set
gastrointestinal agents
Description
unit 10
Updated

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