Phys Agents test 3

TENS: Conventional, Modulation, Strength Duration

Condition:
Intensity:
Current:
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Pulse Duration:
MOA:
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Low-Frequency
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Burst
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TENS (Brief Intense)
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HVPC (sensory)
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HVPC (motor)
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Premodulation (sensory)
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Premodulation (motor)
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IFC (Sensory)
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IFC (Motor)
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IFC (nerve block/wedensky)
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Hyperstimulation
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_____: method of afferent nerve fiber stimulation designed to control pain through various mechanisms. Use a pulsed current of asymmetrical, biphasic, square/rectangular or triangular/spike waveforms.

_____ _____ ____: pain is based on an imbalance of excitatory and inhibitory input ot the T cells located withing the spinal cord.
______ _____ ____: morphine induced analgesia. Opiate receptors inhibit the release of substance P from C fiber terminals and depresses pain transmission.

Indications for TENS: only 1
Contraindications for TENS: 4 total

Conventional Mode TENS:
Advantages (4)
Disadvantages (3)

Modulation TENS
Advantages (2)
Disadvantages (2)

Strength Duration TENS
Advantages (2)
Disadvantages (1)

Low Frequency TENS
Advantages (2)

Burst Mode TENS
Advantages (2 but one is the same as Low frequency TENS)

Brief Intense Mode TENS
Advantages (3)

I got lazy so ask questions appropriately

Dosiometry:

Chronic Condition

E-stim Intensity: local, visible muscle contraction
Frequency: 1 – 4 Hz
Pulse width/duration: 200 - 500 ms, wide pulse
width
Ultrasound:Frequency: 1 MHz (to reach trigger points withindeeper muscle tissue)
Duty Cycle: 100% continuous for thermal effects
Intensity: 1.3 – 2.0 W/cm²
Duration of Treatment: 4 – 6 min, once a day

I'm still being lazy
Acute conditions

E-Stim
Intensity: comfortable sensation below motor stimulation level

Frequency: 50 –110 Hz

Pulse width/duration: 50 – 125 ms, narrow pulse width

Ultrasound:
Frequency: 1 MHz or 3 MHz depending on depth of tissue

Duty Cycle: 20% pulsed for non-thermal effects

Intensity: 0 - .5 W/cm²

_______: TENS like device used to deliver electrical stimulit to accomplish a variety of therapeutic purposes. It is different from the other methods of delivering electricla stimuli becuae of the waveform of the current and the voltage of the generator.

What is the shape of the WAVEFORM of High Voltage pulsed current?

Advantages of HVPC :2
Disadvantages: 1

______ ______: two unmodulated sine waves of different frequencies are crossed, causing both constructive and destructive interference. This results in an mplitude modulated sine wave. The frequencies of the waves are commonly between 2000 and 5000 Hz.

For IFC, higher frequencies have shorter phase durations (_____ hz has a _____ microsec phase duration). and are best suited for sensory nerve stimulation. Lower frequencies have longer phase durations (______ hz frequency has a _____ microsec phase duration.) and is more suited for motor stimulation.

______ Inhibition: with stimuli of constant amplitude and frequencies greater than 1000 Hz, successive stimuli prevent the nerve from repolarizing. This temporary nerve membrane depolarization is responsible for decreased sensation under the electrodes.

______: reciprocal scanning of IFC through an arc of 45 degrees. This allows the current ot perfuse through a greater volume of tissue then if this option was not selected.

________: a mode in which the two currents are mixed within the machine to produce an amplitude modulated frequency output. This mode only uses two electrodes.

IF Stimulation:
__-__ bps: with an amplitude sufficient enough to produce small pulsating muscle contractions, may relieve pain.
__-__ bps: results in tetany of the muscle, may be able to modulate the contractions, but may not be effective for strengthening.
>__ bps: with low amplitudes, causes pain relief.

With hyperstimulation, _____ inhibits pain.

True or false: hyperstimulation is NOT motor stimulation.
True False

3 Common Responses to hyperstimulation:

Several substances are released by acupuncture including
1.
2.
3.

______: alternative medicine in which the goal is to balance functional disorders of the body in general.

______: channel/pathway through which energy flows.

______ Phenomenon: pt has organ dysfunction and corresponding distal meridian points are found to have increase pain threshold and differ in heat sensitivity and electrical permeability.