Microbiology

• 1. Prions
• 2. Viruses
• 3. Bacteria
• 4. Fungi
• 5. Parasites (actually called microbes)

• 1. Food production
• 2. Bio technology
• 3. Genetic Engineering
• Gene therapy

origination and development of a disease

Food-study microbes in production of cheese, alcohol, and bread.

Biotech-study microbes in beneficial processes such as degredation of toxic materials and production of antibiotics, vitamins, food supplements.

Genetic Engineering-study microbes to produce insulin or replace defective genes.

Parasite - lives in or on another host organism and causes damage

Host- where parasite lives

Everywhere on earth except where we made it sterile

• Antonie VanLeeuwenhock - 1670 - Invented the microscope.
• first to observe animalcules (microbes)

• Edward Jenner - 1790 -
• Made 1st vaccine which eradicated small pox virus
• Vaccines could protect people from viral diseases

• InazSemmelweis - 1850 -
• Value of handwashing to prevent spread of diseases

• Louis Pasteur -1850-1880 -
• Father of micro biology
• Developed vaccines for anthrax and rabies
• Convinced scientific community that theory of spontaneous generation was false-illness caused by microbes.

• Robert Koch - 1870 - Developed postulates for studying microbes:
• 1-causative agent must be demonstrated in all animals w/diseases but not in other animals
• 2 -a pure cx of agent is needed
• 3 -pure cx organisms produce same result when injected into healthy
• 4 -same microbe that made animal sick could be reisolated from the second group.

Because sterilized cx left out overnight were found to be contaminated the following morning....Pasteur proved that this contamination came from the air.Hist