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Anticonvulsant therapy
- Stabilize cell membranes
- Effects
- - increased motor cortex threshold
- -reduces spread of discharge
- -decreases nerve conduction
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What are the anticonvulsants Drug classes?
- Hydantoins
- Barbiturates
- Succinimides
- Diones
- Benzodiazepines
- Misc.
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Anticonvulsants peds & geri considerations
- peds: skin rash, gingival hyperplasia, cognitive
- geri: skin rash, metabolize slowly
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Hydantions: Action & SE
- Action: inhibit spread of seizure
- SE:
- - lethargy
- -abnormal movements
- -cognitive changes
- -gingival hyperplasia
- -acne
- -peripheral polyneuropathy
- -bone marrow suppression
- -skin rashes
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Drugs in HYDANTIONS group
- The "toin" group
- Phenytoin (Dilantin)
- Mephenytoin (Mesantoin)
- Fosphenytoin (Cerebyx)
- Ethotoin (Peganone)
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Barbiturates: Action & SE
- Action: Depress CNS
- SE:
- -Sedation
- -Depression
- -Sleep disorders
- -Cognitive
- -Kids = irritable & hyperactive
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Barbiturates Drugs
- The "barbital" group
- Phenobarbital
- Amobarbital (amytal)
- Mephobarbital (Mebaral)
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Succinimides Action & SE
- Actions: increase seizure threshold & decrease nerve impulses
- SE:
- -Drowsiness
- -Agranulocytosis
- -Thrombocytopenia
- -SLE
- -N/A
- -Take with food
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Drugs in the SUCCINIMIDES group
- the "suximide" group
- - Ethosuximide (Zarontin)
- -Methsuximide (Celontin)
- -Phensuximide (Milontin)
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Benzodiazepine Action & SE
- Action: Supress seizure activity, increases effects of GABA, also used for anxiety
- SE
- -drowsiness
- -ataxia
- -presonailty changes
- -hiccups
- -loss of decterity
- -dry mouth
- -N/V
- -HA
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Benzodiazepine drugs in this group
- Clonazepam (Klonopin)
- Diazepam (Valium)
- Clorazepate (Tranxene)
- Lorazepam ( Ativan)
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