caries is _____, _____, _____, ____ and _____ but not yet eradicated!
infectious
transmissible
communicable
preventable
controllable
what starts the basic caries process?
acidogenic bacteria
what does acidogenic bacteria do?
it is in the BIOFILM and it metabolizes the fermentable carbs that is INGESTED by the PT
what are infectious organisms that colonize the teeth and help to form the dental biofilm through their ability to create a sticky environment for survival and multiplication
streptococcus mutans
what type of bacteria is most active during demineralization of cavity formation?
streptococcus mutans
what bacteria predominate the caries process
lactobacillus
what bacteria is active during progression of the cavity
lactobacillus
what are four fermentable carbs (Mrs. SU, Mr. GLU and their kids FRUC and STAR)
sucrose
glucose
fructose
cooked starch
what are the names of the four acids produced during sugar digestion? (ACE and LAC had to FORM a PROP for a school play...yes that is the best I can come up with deal with it)
ACEtic
LACtic
FORMic
PROPionic
what is the function of saliva?
buffer acids and supply minerals to replace those calcium and phosphate ions dissolved from the tooth during mineralization
saliva functions to _____ acids and supply _____ to replace those ____ and _____ ions dissolved from the tooth during mineralization. It is also a source of ____ trasport to tooth surfaces
buffer
minerals
calcium
phosphate
Fluoride
what are the three mechanisms of fluoride?
inhibits demineralization
enahnces remineralization
inhibits bacteria in the biofilm
fluoride ______ demineralization, _____ remineralization and ______ bacteria in the biofilm
inhibits
enhances
inhibits
what % of reduction is due to water fluoridation?
40-60%
what is used in the process of caries detection?
adequate lighting
sharp eyes
blunt probes
tri syringe
bitewing radiographs or vertical bitewings
what are the four stages of caries?
initial
early
white
cavitation
during the early stages of caries they are generally _____
invisible
during the initial stage of the caries _____ ____ infect the tooth.
mutans streptococci
what stage is it when it is clinging to smooth tooth, creating biofilm producing acid from fermentable carbs, acid diffuses thru microchannels between enamel rods, dissolves tooth minerals and create subsurface lesions
INITIAL
what do you do for an early white area?
exam w/air under bright light, smooth surface with blunt probe
what happens if surfaces is broken during an early white area?
further demineralization and prevent remineralization
t/f during a late white lesion remineralizeation may still be allowed
true
what stage of caries is a definitive lesion?
cavitation
what is the process by which minerals of tooth structure are dissolved by organic acids produced from fermentable carbs by the acidoogenic bacteria
demineralization
what provides protective factors in promoting remineralizatioin?
saliva and fluoride
what are the 6 factors of caries risk for adults?
social history
medical history
use of fluoride
dietary habits
biofilm
clinical/oral
what are the three factors for early childhood risk of ral disease
