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What is the mechanism for albuterol?
Selective beta2-adrenergic bronchodilator
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The mechanism of action of ipratropium is ____ ____.
Anticholinergic Bronchodilator
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Amiodarone works by doing what?
Prolonging the duration of the action potential & refrac period & relaxes smooth muscles
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ASA acts by:
- Inhibiting agents causing inflammation, pain & fever
- Inhibits platelet aggregation
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Atropine act by blocking the ____ ____ system specifically ___ effects on HR.
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Calcium Chloride works by doing 2 things which are?
- Increasing myocardial contractile force
- Increasing ventricular automaticity
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Dexamethazone works by preventing:
Accumulation of inflammation generating cells
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Dobutamine is a _____ & synthetic catecholamine that works by
- Sympathomimetic
- Agonizing beta cells increasing strength of cardiac contraction w/o changing rate
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Dopamine is a _____ & natural catecholamine that acts on the ____ NS to increase ____ & ____.
- Sympathomimetic
- Sympathetic NS
- HR & BP
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Diphenhydramine works by:
Blocking effect of histamine @ H1 receptor sites
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Diltiazem's mechanism is that it ____ ____ similar to ____.
Slow CCB similar to verapamil
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Diazepam works by:
enhancing the effects of GABA by binding to the benzo site on the GABAa receptor
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Epi acts by:
Stimulating the sympathetic NS and binding to alpha & beta receptors
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Etomidate works by acting on ____ receptors containing ____ subunits.
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Furosemide is a ____ ____ that works by doing what in the kidneys?
- Loop Diuretic
- Inhibiting Na reabsorption by the kidney
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Glucagon works by causing:
The liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose
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Heparin acts by:
Enhancing the effects of antithrombin III & blocking conversion of prothrombin to thrombin & fibrinogen to fibrin
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Isoproterenol stimulates the ____.
Sympathetic NS increasing tropic properties
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Lidocaine is an antidysrhythmic that suppresses ____ & raises ____ ____ of the ____.
- Automaticity
- Stimulation Threshold
- Ventricles
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Mag Sulfate is an electrolyte that acts as a ____, ____ & ____.
- CCB
- CNS depressant
- Anticonvulsant
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Mannitol (aka ____) is an ____ ____ that works by:
- Osmitrol
- Osmotic Diuretic
- Drawing H2O into intravascular space then causing diuresis
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Metoclopramide (aka ____) is a ____ ____ that causes:
- Reglan
- Dopamine Antagonist
- Rapid Gastric emptying & desensitization of vomiting reflex
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Morphine Sulfate acts by:
Binding w/mu opiod sites in the CNS
-
Naloxone act by:
Competitively antagonizing mu opioid receptors
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NTG acts by:
Causing vasodilation decreasing BP & cardiac preload & increasing HR
-
Phenytoin (aka ____) acts by:
- Dilantin
- Reducing spread of elec discharges in motor cortex & inhibits seizures
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Procainamide (aka____) acts by:
- Pronestyl
- Prolonging ventricular repolarization, slowing conduction & decreasing myocardial excitability
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Promethazine (aka____) is an _____ agent that:
- Phenergan
- Anticholinergic
- Enhances effects of analgesics
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The mechanism of Terbutaline is ____ ____.
Sympathetic Agonist
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Sodium Bicarb acts by providing:
Vascular bicarbonate to assist the buffer system
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Thiamine acts by helping the body to:
Convert glucose into energy
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Verapamil is a ____ that does what 3 things?
- CCB
- Slows AV conduction, suppresses reentry dysrhythmias, slows ventricular response
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Zofran is a selective blocking agent of the ____ ____ receptor type.
Serotonin 5-HT3
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Albuterol, Advair and Singular mechanism are all what?
Beta Agonists
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Aciphex, Prevacid, Nexium, Protonix are all used to treat what?
GERD
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The angiotensin Antagonists on our list are (2)?
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The mechanism of Digoxin is ____ ____.
Cardiac Glycoside
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Zyrtec and Allegra are both ____.
Antihistimines
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Skelaxin, Soma, Cyclobenzaprine and baclofen are all ____ ____ ____.
Skeletal muscle relaxants
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The 4 NSAIDs on our list are what?
- Diclofenac
- Mobic
- Naproxen
- Celebrex
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Toprol XL, Propranalol (inderal), Atenolol (Tenormen) are all ____ ____.
Beta Blockers
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Clonidine (aka ____) has a mechanism of what?
-
Cardizem, Verapamil, Norvasc all have the mechanism of ____.
CCB
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Enalapril (aka ____), Lotrel, & Lisinipril (aka ____) have the mechanism of:
- Vasotec
- Prinivil
- ACE inhibitor
-
An ACE inhibitor functions by:
Blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II therefore limiting the vasoconstrictive effects of angiotensin II
-
The ACE in ACE inhibitor stands for what?
Angiotensin converting enzyme
-
ACE inhibitors are aka ____ ____.
Angiotensin blockers
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CCB cause their effect by:
Blocking voltage gated Ca channels in cardiac muscle & blood vessels decreasing intracellular Ca leading to reduction in muscle contraction
-
Beta blockers cause their effects by:
Inhibiting normal epi mediated sympathetic actions by causing neg chronotropic & inotropic effects
-
Loop diuretics work by:
Inhibiting reabsorption of Na in the ascending loop of henle leading to retention of water in the urine
-
Thiazide diuretics work by:
Inhibiting the Na-Cl symporter in the distal convoluted tubule causing H2O retention in the urine
-
How does digitalis work as a diuretic?
By increasing cardiac output & increasing circulation thru kidneys
-
How do osmotic diuretics work?
By being filtered into the glomerulus leading to an increase in osmolarity of the filtrate. To maintain osmotic balance H2O is retained in urine
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