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4 long term causes
- -nationalism
- -imperialism
- -militarism
- -alliances
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1 immediate cause
assassination of archduke franz ferdinand
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4 immediate effects
- -generation of europeans is wounded or killed
- -dynasties fall in Germany, Russia, Austria-Hungary
- -new countries
- -league of nations
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2 long term effects
- -nations unhappy with peace settlements
- -forces that caused war (nationalism, competition, etc.) still exist
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3 new countries
Austria, Hungary, Yugoslavia
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Ethnic conflict in what region helps start war
Balkans
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war originally known as
the great war
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Dates - beginning, Russia out, U.s. in, Armistance treaty
1914, 1917, 1917, 1918
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France + G.B + Russia =
triple entente
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Germany + A/H + Italy =
triple Alliance
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Militarism
Glorification of war
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what development in the world made WWI possible?
industrialization
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Central Powers?
germany, A/H, bulgaria, ottoman empire
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Allies?
Britain, france, russia, japan, italy
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describe western front
stalemate, trench warfare, miserable
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discuss schlieffen plan
germany would quickly take out france and rush to east before russia broke in
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why is the 1st battle of Marne important?
left schlieffen plan in ruins, turned tide of battle
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discuss trench warfare
masses of soldiers lay in trenches and attack each other, little territorial gain.
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discuss eastern front
mass slaughter of Russians
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why was russia at a disadvantage?
not industrialized
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what brought u.s. into war?
germany was sinking our trading ships
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discuss total war
devoting all resources to war at expense of citizens
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Rationing
people can only buy limited amounts of certain supplies used in war
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propoganda
one-sided info to persuade and keep up morale
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human cost?
- 15 mil:
- 8 mil soldiers
- 7 mil civilians
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financial cost?
unimaginable
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what role did women play?
replaced men at all jobs outside of war, nurses in war
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significance of 2nd battle of marne?
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what countries involved in peace?
U.s., france, britain, italian
not: germany, russia, a/h
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Wilsons plan objective?
peace without victory
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country reps?
- u.s.: Wilson
- france: clemenceau
- britain: george
- Italy: orlando
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european allies plan?
punish germany
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part of wilsons plan that was included in treaty?
league of nations
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why was the euro allies plan different than the U.S.'s?
different war experience
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did u.s. join league of nations?
no, wanted to practice neutrality, not get tied up in alliances. free trade
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Treaty of versaille?
- league of nations
- germany gives up colonies
- pay war reparations
- guilt clause
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2nd battle of marne?
1st significant U.S. action, last major German offensive
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