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The repetition of initial consonant sounds
alliteration
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The repetition of vowel sounds
assonance
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The repetition of final consonant sounds
consonance
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The repetition of the accented vowel sound and any succeeding consonant sounds
rhyme
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When the rhyme sounds involve only one syllable
masculine rhyme
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When the rhyme sounds involve two r more syllables
feminine rhyme
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When one or more rhyming words are within the line
internal rhyme
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When the rhyming words are at the ends of lines
end rhymes
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Words with any kind of sound similarity, from close to fairly remote
approximate rhyme (slant rhyme)
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When repetition is done according to some fixed pattern
refrain
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Any wavelike recurrence of motion or sound
rhythm
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One or more syllables given more prominence in pronunciation
accented (stressed)
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Used to make our intentions clear
rhetorical stresses
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The end of the line corresponds with an natural speech pause
end-stopped line
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The sense of the line moves on without pause into the next line
run-on line
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Pauses taht occur within lines, either grammatical or rhetorical
caesuras
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Nonmetrical poetry in which the basic rhythmic unit is the line, and in which pauses, like breaks, and formal patterns develop organically from the requirements of the individual poem rather than from established poetic forms; the predominating type of poetry now being written
free verse
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Usually a short compostition having the intentions of poretry but written in prose rather than verse
prose poem
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The identifying characteristic of rhythmic language that we can tap our feet to
meter
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Consists normally of one accented syllable plus one or two unaccented syllables, though occasionally there may be no unaccented syllables
foot
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Consists of a group of lines whose metrical pattern is repeated throughout the poem
stanza
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Call to attention to some of the sounds because they depart from what is regular
metrical variations
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Replacing the regular foot with another one
substitution
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Syllables added at the beginnings or endings of lines
extrametrical syllables
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The omission of an unaccented syllable
truncation
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The process of defining the metrical form of a poem
scansion
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The silent drumbeat set up in our minds
expected rhythm
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the actual rhythm of the words
heard rhythm
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A pause introduced into the reading of a line by a mark of punctuation
grammatical pause
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A natural pause, unmarked by punctuation, introduced into the reading of a line by its phrasing or syntax
rhetorical pause
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Iambic pentameter and unrhymed
blank verse
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the use of words that sound like what they mean
onomatopoeia
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its sound, by a process as yet obscure, to some degree connects with their meaning
phonetic intensives
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A smooth, pleasant-sounding choice and arrangement of sounds
euphony
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A harsh, discordant, unpleasand-sounding choice and arrangement of sounds
cacophony
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the stimulation of two or more senses simultaneously
synesthesia
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the internal organization of poem's content
structure
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The external pattern or shape of a poem, describable without reference to its content
form
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The lines follow each other without formal grouping, the only breaks being dictated by units of meaning
continuous form
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written in a series of stanzas
stanzaic form
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a traditional pattern that applies to a whole poem
fixed form
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founrteen lines, almost always in iambic pentameter
sonnet
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divided usally between eight lines, using two rhymes arranged abbaabba, and six lines
Italian (Petrarchan) sonnet
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consists of three quatrains and a concluding couplet
English (Shakespearean) sonnet
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A 19 line fiexed form consisting of five tercets rhymed aba and a concluding quatrain rhymed abaa
villanelle
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