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Without ______, most nail services would not be possible.
chemistry
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Why is it important to have a basic knowledge of chemistry?
To use professional products safely and effectively
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What is chemistry?
the science that deals with composition, structures, and properties of matter and how matter changes under different conditions.
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What is organic chemistry?
study of substances that contain carbon
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All living things, whether they are plant or animal, contain _____?
carbon
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What is inorganic chemistry?
Study of substances that do not contain carbon
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Any substance that occupies space is called ___?
matter
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All ______ has physical properties that we can _, _ , _____?
touch, taste, and smell
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WE can also see some forms of e energy such as ___ & __?
light and sparks
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What is a element?
simplest form of matter
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There are _____ naturally occuriring elementss, each wit its own distinctive _____ & _____ properties.
90; physical and chemical
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Elements are differentiated by the _______
structure of their atoms
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All matter is composed of ______
atoms
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When two or more atoms are joined together, they form a _______
molecule
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When two or more elements are chemically joined together, they form a ________
compound molecule
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Three forms of matter
liquid, solid, and gas
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Two examples of chemical changes are the oxidation of ______ and the polymerization of _____________
hair color; acrylic enhancements
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What is a physical mixture?
a physical combination of matter. The combined properties of the substances in the mixture.
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What is a pure substance?
a chemical combo of matter in definate proportions
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Physical mixtures that contain two or more different substances are called?
solutions, suspensions, or emulsions
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A stable mixture of two or more mixable substances is called a _?
solution
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What is a substance dissolved in a solution called?
solute
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What is a substance that dissolves a solution called>
solvent
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Miscible liquids are ________ soluble, which means that they can be mixed.
murtually
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define immiscible
not capable of being mixed
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What is it called when two or more substances unite with the aid of a binder?
emulsion
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What is surfactant a contraction for?
surface active agents
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two parts of surfactant
hydropholic: water loving & lipopholic: oil loving
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An atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge?
Ion
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What causes an atom or molecule to split in two, creating a pair of ions with opposite electrical charges?
Ionization
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An ion with a negative electrical charge
aniom
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An ion with a positive electrical charge?
cation
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Only products that contain __________ can have a pH.
water
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The pH of any substance is always a balance of ________ & __________ .
acid and alkaline
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Why does pure water have a neutral pH?
The acid and alkaline are in equal balance.
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In pH, the hydrogen ion is __________
acidic (H+)
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In pH, the hydroxide ion is ____________
alkaline (OH)
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On pH scale, the lower the number the more ________________ the substance.
acidic
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On pH scale, the higher the number the more _______________ the substance.
alkaline
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What term is interchangeable with alkali?
base
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Define VOC
compounds containing carbon that evaporate quickly. volatile organic compounds.
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Define anion
negatively charged ion
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alkanolamines
substances that neutralize acids
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exothermic
chemical reaction producing heat
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Water-in-oil-emulsion
water droplets suspended in oil base
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oxidizing agent
substance that releases oxygen
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