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what are the objectives of instruement sharpening? 2
- reshape cutting edge
- maintain instrument orginal form
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what are 8 advantages to having a sharp instrument?
- greater precision of tx
- increased tactile senstivity
- greater control of instruemnt
- fewer strokes required
- less burnishing
- prevention of unnecessary trauma to gingival tissues
- decreased possibility of nicking, grooving or scratching tooth
- less fatigue for clinician
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what are are five disadvantages to having a dull instrument?
- stress and frustration of ineffective instruments
- wasted time effort and energy
- loss of control and increased likelihood of slipping and lacerating gingival tissue
- loss of pt confidence in clinicians ability
- increased likelihood of developing work realtd musculoskeletal disorders from excessive muscle strain and increased number of stroke repetition
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t/f a dull edge has no thickness
FALSE-dull edge is rounded and HAS thickness
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does a dull edge reflect light?
yes!
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what are two tests to determine a dull instrument
- visual test
- plastic testing stick
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how do you test an instrument on a plastic testing stick
put cutting edge on stick and w/o pressure a sharp instruement will catch a dull one will not!
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what angle is the cutting edge of an instrument?
70 to 80 degrees
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what angl eis the stone to the cutting edge with teh stationary instruemnt technique?
110 degrees
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what hand holds the instrument in the stationary instrument technique
nondominate hand
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how should the face be positioned during the stationary instruement sharpening technique
parallel to the floor
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in what direction should the pressure of the stone be greater during the stationary instrument technique
downward
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what direction do you work in for the stationary instruement technique
heel to toe
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how is the stone moved duirng the stationary instrument technique
up and down 1/2 inch high
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what are four common sharpening errors?
- alteration of working end
- unnecessary metal removal
- altered shape
- flattened cutting edge
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what type of shank enhances the amount of tactile information transmitted to the clinicians fingers?
FLEXIBLE
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what is the cross section of a area specific curet?
semicurular
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t/f the area specific curet has a rounded toe and back
true
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where can area specific curets be used?
subgingivally and supragingivally
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how many working cutting edges does a area specific curet have?
ONE
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is the higher or lower edge the working cutting edge?
LOWER
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how are area specific curets angled?
70 degree SELF ANGULATION
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how should the shank be positioned compared to the tooth surface to be instrumented?
parallel to tooth
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what enhances the adaptation to rounded root surfaces and concavities?
- curved cutting edges
- rounded toe
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t/f area specific curets are not liminted to use on certain teeth and surfaces
FALSE the ARE LIMITED!!
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what is the primary function of area specific curets?
debridement of crown and root surfaces
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what are standard curets used for?
light calc deposits and deplaque
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what are rigid gracey curets used for?
remove medium iszed deposites
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do you need to angle an area specific curet for calc removal?
NO already at 70 degrees for you!
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what are the advantages and disadvantages of the universal and area specifics rounded back?
- advantages-used subgingivally w/o tissue trauma
- disadvantage-NONE
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what is the advantage of a univeral and area specifics rounded toe?
- advantage-adapts well to convex, rounded root surfaces and root concavities
- disadvantage-is wider than a pointed tip and therfore more difficult to adapt to proximal surfaces of anterior crowns
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what is the advantage and disadvatage of the cutting edge curves up at the toe on an area specific?
- advantage-enhances adaptation to rounded root surface and root concavites
- disadvantage-NONE
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what is the advantage and disadvantage of the face being perpendicular to lower shank on the sickle and universal?
- advantage-efficient two cutting edges per working end, both of which can be used for calc removal
- disadvantage-level cutting edges mean the lower shank must be tilted slightly toward tooth for correct angulation
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what is the advantage and disadvantage for the straight cutting edge of the sickle?
- advantage-NONE
- disadvantage-adapts poorly to rounded root surfaces and root concavities
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what is the advantage and disadvantage of the pointed tip on the sickle?
- advantage-provides good access to proximal surfaces on anterior crowns and enamel surfaces apical to contact areas of posterior teeth
- disadvantage-sharp point can gouge cemental surfaces
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what is the advantage and disadvantage to the pointed back of the sickle?
- advantage-strong bulky working end
- disadvantage-cannot be used subgingivally
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what is the advantage and disadvantage of the face tilting in realation to the lower shank of an area specific?
- advantage-working cutting edge is self angulated
- disadvantage-only one working cutting edge per working end means frequent instruement changes
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what type of shank does a simple instrument have?
straight shank
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how is a simple shank classified?
bent in ONE plane
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where is a simple shank primarily used?
anterior teeth
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how is a complex instrument shank angled?
bent in TWO planes (front to back and side to side)
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where is a complex shank used?
posterior teeth
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what is the working angulation for univerals?
90 deegrees (adapt 70-80)
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what is the angulation for area specific angulation?
self angluation (70 degrees)
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with an area specific the face angulation is tilted in relation to the ______ _____
lower shank
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area specific face angulation positions the working edge in the correct angulation to the _____ ____ while agled away from ____ ____
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what gracey would you use when cleaning the surfaces of anterior teeth
F. all of the above
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what graceys are good for all surfaces of the anteriors, all surfaces of the premolars and F, L of posterior?
7/8 and 9/10
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what graceys cannot be used on premolars or posteriors (just anterior)
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what gracey is used for all anteriors, all premolars and M F L of posteriors
5/6
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what gracey is used on M D of anteriors and M F L of posteriors?
11/12
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what gracey is used for M D of anteriors and D of posteriors?
13/14
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what gracey would you use for the D of posterior teeth?
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what three gracey instruments would you use for M F L of posterior teeth?
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what two instruements woud you use for F L of the posterior teeth only?
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what gracey is only good for M F L of posterior teeth?
15/16
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what gracey is only good for D of posterior teeth?
17/18
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