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What is Bryophytes?
- -Liverworts, hornworts, and Mosses
- -Forms Monophyletic phyla
- -Earliest of terrestrial Plants
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What is Gametophtes?
- -Role to produce haploid gametes
- -Produced by mitosis
- -Gametangia protects developing gametes from drying out and microbial attack
- -Sperm swim to egg and fuse to form diploid zygote
- -Zygotes grow into sporophytes
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What is antherida?
round or elongate gametangia producing sperm
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What is archegonia?
flask shaped gametangia enclosing an egg
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What are the bryophyte features?
- Gametophytes dominant generation
- Sporophytes are dependent on gametophyte-small and short lived
- Nonvascular or lacking tissues for structual and conduction found in other plants (vascular plant)
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Diploid-Spores
producing sporophyte generation.
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Haploid-Gametes
Producing gametophyte generation.
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What are the Sporophytes?
- Matrotrophy-Zyfotes remain sheltered and fed within gametophyte tissue.
- Embryophytes-all land plants have mastrotrophic embryos.
- Become larger and more complex.
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What is Gymnosperms?
- Reproduce using spores and seeds (like angiosperms)
- Seed plants
- Seeds protect and provide energy for young sporophyte
- "Naked Seeds" meaning seeds are not enclosed by fruit
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What is Angiosperms?
- Distinguished by presence of flowers and endosperm
- To enhance seed production
- Fruit develop from flowers and enclose seed and foster seed dispersal
- Endosperm is nutritive seed tissue w increased storage effeciency
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First (Land) Plants
- Inherited some traits from charphycean algae
- Tissue-producing meristems, sporic life cycle, tough-walled spores, and sporophyte generation
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Stems
- Contain vascular tissue and produce leaves and sporangia
- Contain phloem and xylem (contains trachids and lignin)
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Roots
Specialized for uptake of water and minerals frm soil
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Leaves
Photosynthetic function
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Vascular tissue occur in major plant organs
stems, roots, and leaves
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Cutin
found in cuticle that helps preven pathogen attack
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Stomata
pores that open and close to allow gas exchange while minimizing water loss
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