Biology Ch 31

  1. Mycorrhizae
    • mutualistic relationship b/t plant roots and fungi
    • mycelium inc root surface area
  2. Haustoria
    nutrient absorbing hyphal tips that penetrate tissues of the host
  3. Characteristics of Fungi
    • eukaryotic
    • mostly multicellular
    • no locomotion
    • heterotrophic by absorption
    • decomposers
    • chitin
  4. Basidiomycota
    • club fungi
    • ex: mushrooms
    • produce basidiocarps from dikaryotic mycelium, which are lined with basidia. releases basidiospores
    • asexually: none or conidia
  5. Ascomycota
    • sac fungi
    • ex: cup fungi
    • produce ascocarps lined with asci. each ascus contains 8 ascospores
    • asexually by conidia (naked spores released from tips of specialized hyphae)
  6. Zygomycota
    • conjugation fungi
    • ex: Rhizopus
    • asexually by sporangia
    • + and - hyphae combine to form zygosporangia, which releases zygospores
  7. Asexually vs Sexual
    • both produce spores
    • asexual: conidia, sporangia, none
    • sexual: ascospores, basidiospores, zygospores
  8. closest relative
    • animals
    • comparisons of proteins and rRNA
  9. Lichens
    • symbiotic association of photosynthetic microorganisms (algae or cyanobacteria) held in a mesh of fungal hyphae
    • 3 shapes - shrublike, leaflike, paint smearlike
    • asexual reproduction - soredia or fragmentation of parent lichen
    • sexual reproduction - ascocarps/basidiocarps
  10. Soredia
    small clusters of hyphae with embedded algae
  11. Septate vs Aseptate (coencytic)
    • septate: divide hyphae into cells. have pores large enough for ribosomes,mitochondria, nuclei
    • aseptate: continuous cytoplasm with hundreds or thousands of nuclei
  12. Mycelia
    interwoven mat formed by the hyphae
  13. Saprobes
    decomposers
  14. Syngamy
    • karyogamy- fusion of the haploid nuclei
    • plasmogamy- fusion of the cytoplasms
  15. Deuteromycota
    • imperfect fungi
    • no sexual reproduction
    • asexual by conidia
    • ex: ring worm fungi
Author
nicknguyen93
ID
75591
Card Set
Biology Ch 31
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Updated