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Pennate
- form of Diatom
- bilateral symmetry
- mostly freshwater soil
- isogamous
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Centric
- Form of diatom
- radial symmetry
- mostly marine, large lakes
- oogamous
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Characteristics of Chrysophyta.
- mostly chl a & c, fucoxanthin
- chrysolaminarian
- no flagella or 2
- silica scales or cellulose
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Characteristics of Phaeophyta
- chl a & c. Caratenoids, fucoxanthin
- food reserve: laminarian
- flagella: 2 but only in gametes
- cell wall: cellulose embedded in matrix of mucilaginous algin
- mostly marine temperate or polar oceans
- undergoes sporic meiosis
- many call "seaweeds" KELPS
- very limited differentiation
- orders: Fucales and Laminariales
- Basis of food webs, habitat for marine spp
- examples: Laminaria, Rockweed fucus,
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Chlorophyta characteristics.
- pigments: chl a & c
- food reserve: starch
- flagella: none or 2
- cell wall: glycoproteins, non cellulose polysaccrides, cellulose
- habitat: freshwater, marine, terrestrial
- Many symbiotic: Gave rise to land plants
- Classes: Chlorophyceae, Ulvophyceae
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Phycoplast
made of microtubules that are involved in cytokinesis
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Why do we use scientific names?
- 1. It's universal
- 2. 2 different organisms could have the same common name.
- 3. Some organisms have more than 1 common name
- 4. Some organisms don't even have a common name
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What is the Cladistic method of classification?
- attempts to identify monophyletic groups or clades, has a unique feature or shared derived character slates.
- (usually compared with one or more outgroups)
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What is meant by "ploidy" level?
# of sets of chromosomes
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This class of Fungi are important plant pathogens because they cause much damage, have the most complex life cycles, the spores occur on sori and most common example would be blister rust.
- Teliomycetes (rusts)
- Phylum: Basidiomycota
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This type of fungi gets in air ducts in buildings, causing respiratory problems. Name phylum and the specific fungi.
- Phylum: Deuteromycetes (AKA: Fungi Imperfecti)
- Aspergillus fumigates
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Which phylum is found most often in the fungal component of a lichen?
Ascomycota
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This phylum of protista gave rise to land plants?
Chlorophyta
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What is a plasmodiocarp?
hardened structure, collescence of plasmodium
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Which phylum is plasmodiocarp found?
Myxomycota
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When do organisms undergo alternation of generations?
When environment is not healthy
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Identify the similarities and differences between phylums Myxomycota, Dictyosteliomycota, and Oomycota.
- Similarities between all 3: no photosynthetic pigments, all use glycogen for food reserve, and all can be found terrestrially.
- Differences: Both dictyosteliomycota and oomycota have cellulose cell walls, while myxomycota has none on plasmodium. Both oomycota and myxomycota can have 2 flagella, but myxomycota is only in reproductive gametes,and oomycota is in male gametes and zoospores. Dictyosteliomycota has no flagella.
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Compare and contrast: Bacillariophyta and chrysophyta.
- Similarities:
- Have either no, chl a & c, or fucoxanthin (carotenoid)
- use chrysolaminarian as food reserve
- no flagella typically
- silica cell walls
- found in freshwater
- Differences:
- Bacillariophyta can have 1 flagella in the male centric form
- chrysophyta has silica scales and can have cellulose
- Chrysophyta is mainly freshwater
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Compare and contrast: Dinophyta, Euglenophyta, and cryptophyta.
- Similarites:
- typically no photosynthetic pigment
- when flagella present, typically 2 unequal size
- All can be found in marine or freshwater
- Differences:
- Euglenophyta and cryptophyta have no cell wall, dinophyta has a layer of vesicles under P.M
- Cryptophyta needs COLD water
- Dinophyta has peridinin (carotenoid) and chl a &c if photosynthetic pigments present, cryptophyta has phyrobilins or chl a & c, and euglenophyta has chl a & B or carotenoids
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