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Flow of gastric secretions into the esophagus
GERD
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Caused by weakening of lower esophageal sphincter or intraabdominal pressure.
GERD
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Clients complain of heartburn, regurgitation, and dysphagia that is aggrivated by lying down and relieved by sitting up.
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Pertrusion of the stomach through esophageal hiatus of diaphragm into the mediastinal cavity.
Hiatal hernia
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Primary factor for development of hiatal hernia.
Muscle weakness
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Peptic ulcers can occur where?
- Stomach
- Duodenum
- Esophageal
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Gastric and duadenal ulcers may result from infection with what?
H. pylori
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Gastric ulcers can be caused by what?
Stress, NSAIDs, corticosteroids, aspirin
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Complain of burning in left epigastrium and back 1-2 hours after eating.
Gastric ulcers
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Complain of burning 2-4 hours after eating, midmorning, midafternoon, and middle of the night.
Duodenal ulcers
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What is Crohn's disease?
- Chronic IBD
- Inflammation that can occur from the mouth to anus but most common where the ileum and cecum meet.
- Diseased sections become thicker narrowing the lumen.
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Complains of severe abdominal pain, cramping, diarrhea, nause, fever, chills, weakness, anorexia, and weight loss.
Crohn's disease
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Chronic IBD that starts in the rectum and works its way up to the large intestine.
Small ulcers in colon and rectum cause bleeding in stools.
Ulcerative colitis
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Pouches form in the colon and become inflammed. Herniations through the muscular wall in the colon.
Diverticulitis
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Cramping in the LLQ, nausea, moniting, altered bowel habits, and constipation. Deistended abdomen with decreased bowel sounds and tenderness.
Diverticulitis
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Chronic degenerative disease of the liver. Cobblestone appearance.
Cirrhosis
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What can viral hepatitis, bilary obstructions, and alcohol abuse cause?
Cirrhosis
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Liver becomes palpable and hard, ascites, jaundice, cutaneous spider angiomas, dark urine, tan stools and spleen enlargement appear.
Cirrhosis
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RUQ colicky pain that may radiate to the mid torso or right scapula.
Gallbladder diseases
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Can be caused by alcohol abuse or obstruction of sphincter of Oddi by gallstones.
Pancreatitis
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Pain described as steady, boring, dull, or sharp that radiates from the epigastrium to the back.
Pancreatitis
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Cirrhosis is commonly caused by alcoholism but it is also caused by ________.
autoimmune disorders
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Inflammation of the renal glomeruli caused by an autimmune process.
glomerulonephritis
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Fever, chills, nausea, malaise, arthralgia, and CVA tenderness
glomerulonephritis
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Formation of kidney stones that is more common in men.
nephrolithiasis
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Flank pain that may radiate into the groin and genitals.
nephrolithiasis
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