Covers top of skull from highest nuchal lines to eyebrows
Occiptofrontalis
Elliptical muscle surrounding orbital opening
Orbicularis oculi
Medial to eyebrow
Corrugator supercilii
Vertically on either side of the nose
Procerus
Elliptical muscle surrounding mouth
Orbicularis oris
Muscle of the cheek attached to alveolar processes of the maxilla and mandible
Buccinator
From: fascia of upper part of thorax
To: lower border of mandible and lower lip
Platysma
Bony walls of orbit to sclera of eyeball (6 muscles)
Superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, lateral rectus, superior oblique, inferior oblique
Bony walls of orbit to skin of upper lid
Levator palpebrae superioris
From: superior mental spine of mandible
To: radiates into tongue from tip to root. Lower fibers insert into body of hyoid bone
Genioglossus
From: entire greater horn and adjacent part of body of hyoid
To: side of tongue
Hyoglossus
From: styloid process near its apex
To: side of tongue along entire length
Styloglossus
From: medial/sternal tendinous head: upper anterior surface of manubrium of sternum. Lateral/clavicular fleshy head: upper surface of medial 1/3 of clavicle
To: lateral surface of mastoid process
Sternoclediomastoid
From: anterior belly-digastric fossa of mandible. Posterior belly-mastoid notch of temporal bone. Intermediate tendon connects both bellies. This tendon pierces stylohyoid and is held to the hyoid by a fibrous loop
Digastric
From: base of styloid process
To: body of hyoid
Stylohyoid
From: back of upper part or manubrium of sternum
To: lower border of body of hyoid
Sternohyoid
From: superior belly-lower border of the body of the hyoid. Inferior belly-upper border of the scapula, medial to scapular notch
To: intermediate tendon connects both bellies. Tendon is held to clavicle by fascial band
Omohyoid
From: back of manubrium below sternohyoid
To: oblique line of thyroid cartilage
Sternothyroid
From: oblique line of thyroid
To: lower border of greater horn of hyoid
Thyrohyoid
From: anterior tubercle of atlas
To: body of T3. In between, attached to vertebral bodies and anterior transverse tubercles
Longus colli
From: extends between base of skull and 6th cervical vertebra. Anterior tubercles of C3-6.
To: inferior surface of basilar occipital bone.
Longus capitis
From: anterior surface of lateral mass of atlas and root of its transverse process
To: inferior surface of basilar occipital bone behind longus capitis
Rectus capitis anterior
From: upper surface of transverse process of atlas
To: inferior surface of jugular process of occipital bone.
Rectus capitis lateralis
From: anterior transverse tubercles of C3-6
To: scalene tubercle and ridge on upper surface of 1st rib anterior to groove for subclavian artery
Scalenus anterior
From: posterior transverse tubercles of C2-7
To: upper surface of the 1st rib behind subclavian groove
Scalenus medius
From: posterior transverse tubercles of C4-6
To: outer border of 2nd rib behind serratus anterior
Scalenus posterior
From: lower border and medial surface of zygomatic arch
To: lateral surface of coronoid process, ramus, and angle of mandible
Masseter
From: most of temporal fossa and deep surface of temporal fascia
To: coronoid process and anterior border of ramus
Temporalis
From: small upper head-infratemporal surface and crest of greater wing of sphenoid. Larger lower head-lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate
To: upper head-articular capsule and disc of TMJ. lower head-neck of mandible
Lateral pterygoid
From: medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate
To: medial surface of ramus and angle of the mandible as high as mandibular foramen