-
- No Cleavage
- H=5
- Dull, Earthy, globular
-
- Cubic Cleavage
- H=2.5
- vitreous, transpartent
-
- one perfact cleavage, thin
- H=2.5
- vitreous luster
-
- 1 plane of cleavage
- H= 6-7
- sub vitreous
-
- striations!
- 2 planes of cleavage
- H= 6
- pearly to vitreous
- PLAGIOCLASE
- Family: Silicate
-
- rhobohedral cleavage
- H=3
- cleavable masses, earthy, granular
- HCL
- CALCITE- CRYSTAL
- Family: Carbonate
-
- primatic crystals, cleavable
- 2 cleavage planes
- H=6
- vitreous, pearly to chalky NO striations
- ORTHOCLASE
- Family: Silicate
-
- rhombohedral crystals, granular, cleavable
- H=3.5
- vitreous to earthy
- hcl in powder form
- DOLOMITE
- Family: Carbonate
-
-hexagonal crystals with horizontal striaitions
- H=7
- transparten to translucent
-conchoidal fracture, lack of cleavage
- QUARTZ- ROSE
- Family: Silicates
-
- scaly sheets
- one perfect cleavage
- H=2
- MUSCOVITE
- Family: Silicates
-
- prismatic or elongate crystals
- two cleavage planes
- H= 5.6-6
- HORNBLENDE
- Family: Silicates
-
- cleavable masses
-rhombohedral cleavage
- H=3
-vitreous to earthy
-HCL
- CALCITE- CLEAVING
- Family: Carbonate
-
- hexagonal crystals, horizontal striations , lack of cleavage
- H=7
- translucent to transparent
- glassy luster
- QUARTZ- FRACTURED
- Family: Silicate
-
- gravel and pebble size filled with sand, silt, clay
-
sand grains, easily visible
- shells, fossils present
- SANDSTONE- FOSSILIFOROUS
- Clastic
-
fine grained to granular, fossils, shells abundant
HCL
- LIMESTONE- ORGANIC
- Non- clastic
-
banded, no texture, smooth, conchoidal
H=7
-
unseen silt particles
low gravity!
no cleavage
-
fine grained to granular
HCL
easily scratched
- LIMESTONE- ORGANIC/ REEF
- Non- clastic
-
sandy grains, easily visible
rich in quartz
H> 5
-
H >5
sand grains
rich in filedspar
-
fine grain to granular
HCL
soft
- (SHALEY) LIMESTONE
- non- clastic
-
fine grain to granular
inorganic chemical precipitate
silt and sand size spheroids
- LIMESTONE- OOLITIC/ ORGANIC
- Non clastic
-
fine grain to granular
red yellow brown bands
mexican onyx
- TRAVERTINE (LIMESTONE)
- non clastic
-
fine grain to granularinorganic chemical precipitatesilt and sand size spheroids
- OOLITIC LIMESTONE
- nonclastic
-
fine grain to granularinorganic chemical precipitatesilt and sand size spheroids
- OOLITIC LIMESTONE
- non- clastic
-
glassy groundmass
lack cleavage
greasy luster
- RHYOLITE
- Aphanitic (Porphyritic)
-
coarse to fine
light color
quartz!
-
consolidated lava flows
- BASALT
- aphanitic (vesicular)
-
porous!
plagio, mafic, hornblende, augite, olivine
-
coarse to fine
light color
quartz!
-
gabbro dark/ salt pepper
coarse to fine
granular
no quartz, plagio, and ferromag
-
glass types, sand size or smaller, gritty
light color
low gravity
HCL
- VOLCANIC ASH "TUFF"
- phaneritic
-
coarse to fine
light color
quartz!
-
glassy or vesicular
porous!
low gravity
-
black, transpartent edges, conchoidal
-
glass types, sand size or smaller, gritty
light color
low gravity
HCL
- VOLCANIC ASH "TUFF"
- phaneritic
-
glassy groundmass
lack cleavage
greasy luster
- RHYOLITE
- aphanitic (porphyritic)
-
coarse to fine
light color
quartz!
-
glassy groundmass
lack cleavage
greasy luster
-
granular, sharp edges, conchoidal fracture
breaks through the grains
h= 7
-
green, dark
no visible grains, veinlets
amorphous
h=4
-
silky or shiny appearance
not thickly banded, grains visible
parallel but not alligned
-
black and white bands
coarsley banded, visible grains, crystalline
-
extremely fine grained
smooth
shiny luster
-
black and white bands
coarsley banded, visible grains, crystalline
-
crystalline granular, no paralllelism
HCl
scratches easily
-
dull, no visible mineral grains
parallel crystals, rock cleavage
harder than shale
-
extremely fine grained
smooth
shiny luster
-
silky or shiny appearance
not thickly banded, grains visible
parallel but not alligned
-
crystalline granular, no paralllelism
HCl
scratches easily
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