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The arterial system has one of these, the venous system has two
Brachiocephalic
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These arteries supply the myocardium
Coronary
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The more anterior artery pair serving the brain
Internal carotid
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Longest vein in the body
Great Saphenous
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Artery on the foot checked after leg surgery
Dorsalis pedis
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Serves the posterior thigh
Deep femoral
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Supplies the diaphragm
Phrenic
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Formed by the union of the radial and ulnar veins
Brachial
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Two superficial veins of the arm
Cephalic and Brachial
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Artery serving the kidney
Renal
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Testicular or ovarian veins
Gonadal
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Artery that supplies the distal half of the large intestine
Inferior mesenteric
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Drains the pelvic organs and lower limbs
Common iliac
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What the external iliac vein drains into in the pelvis
Common iliac
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Major artery serving the arm
Brachial
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Supplies most of the small intestine
Superior mesenteric
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What the femoral artery becomes at the knee
Popliteal
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An arterial trunk that has three major branches, which run to the liver, spleen, and stomach
Celiac
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Major artery serving the skin and scalp of the head
External Carotid
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Two veins that join, forming the popliteal vein
Anterior tibial and posterior tibial
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Artery generally used to take the pulse at the wrist
Radial
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Cardiac cycle
Events of one complete heartbeat, when both atria and ventricles contract and then relax
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Systole
Contraction of the ventricle
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Diastole
Relaxation of the ventricle
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Sound heard when AV valves close
"Lub"
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Sound heard when semilunar valves close
"Dub"
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Pulse
The alternating surges of pressure in an artery that occur with each beat of the left ventricle
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Average pulse rate/min
70-76bpm
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What artery is the pulse taken at on the wrist?
Radial artery
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What artery is the pulse taken at on the neck?
Common Carotid artery
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What artery is the pulse taken at on the elbow?
Brachial artery
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What are is the pulse taken at o the foot?
Dorsalis pedis artery
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Apical pulse
Actually counting heartbeats heard. This may be faster than a radial pulse because of lag time
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Pulse deficit
Any large difference between apical and radial pulse values
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Blood pressure
The pressure the blood exerts against the inner blood vessel walls
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Systolic pressure
The pressure in the arteries at the peak of ventricular ejection
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Diastolic pressure
The pressure during ventricular relaxation
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Sphygmomanometer
Blood pressure cuff
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Sounds of Korotcoff
The sounds heard through the stethoscope at the spot of the brachial artery during a blood pressure reading
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What changes in blood flow were observed in the Carolina peripheral Blood Flow experiment during Regional variation, Gravity, and Temperature?
1. Different areas of the body have varying temperatures. The closer to the heart and head the hotter the temperature.
2. Blood can only travel well one way. Going against gravity causes low blood flow.
3. Warm water caused more blood to flow through=Vasodilation. Cold water caused less blood to flow through=Vasoconstriction
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Tidal Volume (TV)
Volume of air inhaled and exhaled with each normal respiration, approx. 550ml
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Expiratory reserve volume
The volume of air that can be forcibly exhaled after a normal expiration, ranges between 700 and 1200ml
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Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
Volume of air that can be forcibly inhaled following a normal inspiration
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Vital capacity (VC)
Total exchangeable air of the lungs, normally around 4500ml, with a range of 3600 to 4800ml
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Total lung capacity
IRV + TV+ERV+RV
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Residual Volume
The amount of air remaining in the lungs after a maximal expiratory effort
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What device was used to measure resipratory volumes?
Spirometer
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What types of tissues are found in the lungs
Elastic connective tissue
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What types of tissues are found in the trachea?
C shaped hyaline cartilidge rings and ciliated epithelium
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