(VD parasitic infection: protozoa has one tail 'single hair or tail projection')
related term(s): PILO-, -THRIX
94. -TRIGO-
rubbing
inter/trigo
between/rubbing
(friction causes skin weakness usually between digits & fungus infection)
95. TROCHLE/O-
pulley or pulley like
trochle/ar
pulley or pulley-like/refer to
(name of fourth '4th' cranial nerve: innervates superior oblique eye muscles)
96. TROP/O- (TROP/IN)
stimulate or to turn
gonado/tropin (hormone)
teste or ovary/stimulate
trop/ism
to turn/state of
(reaction to stimuli - turn toward or away from heat, cold, light, etc.)
97. TROPH/O-
development, nourishment or nutrition
hyper/troph/y
increased/development/process of
tropho/therapy
nourishment or nutrition/treatment
98. -TRIPSY
to crush
litho/tripsy
stone/crushing (gall stones)
99. TRYPAN/O-
borer, to bore, drill
trypano/som/iasis
borer/body/disease or condition
related term(s): TREPAN/O-
100. TUB/O-
canal or tube
tub/al ligation (female sterilization)
canal or tube/refers to: to bind (burning or cauterizing)/procedure of
101. TUBERCUL/O-
swelling, nodule, tubercule
tuberculo/sis
swelling small/condition
(Bacteria bacillus rods - 'Mycobacterium tuberculosis' that form nodular
colonies 'swelling' within lungs, bones, and in
other body tissues. Over one third of the world
population has this disease)
102. TUM/O-
swelling or tumor growth
tum/or
swells, to swell, swelling/one who
(Note: Tum/or (swelling); Reb/or (redness);
Cal/or (heat); Dol/or (pain) are all signs
of: 'Inflammation. The word 'Tumor' is often
associated with a cancerous swelling both benign
or malignant)
103. TURGOR/O-
swelling
turgor
swelling (skin test for hydration)
104. -TUSSIS
cough
per/tussis
through/cough
Pertussis (Whooping cough) is characterized by fits of coughing followed by a noisy, "whooping" indrawn breath, and is caused by the bacteria "Bordetella pertussis"
105. TYMPAN/O-
eardrum
tympan/itis
eardrum/inflamed
(outer part of middle ear)
106. TYPH/O-
stupor
typh/oid
stupor/resembles(bacterial infection causing high fever and a stupored state)
107. ULCER-
sore
ulcer/ation
sore/process of
(may develop in many diseases or conditions)
108. -ULE
small or lesser
tub/ule
canal/small or lesser
related term(s): -CULE, -ICLE,- IOLE, -ULA
109. ULN/A-
elbow
uln/ar
elbow/refers to
110. ULTRA-
beyond
ultra/sound (US)
beyond (normal hearing levels)/sound (waves)
ultra/micro/scop/e
beyond/small/view/instrument
(objects invisible through ordinary microscope: side illumination 'darkfield')
111. UMBILIC/O-
navel
umbilic/al
navel (watery)/refers to
112. UNGUIN/O-
nail
unguin/al or ungun/al
nail/pertain to
(Note: ung 'unguentum' is the abbreviation for ointment)
alternate spelling: UNGU/O-
related term(s): ONYCH/O-
113. UR/O-
urine
ur/olog/y
urine/study/process or procedure of
alternate spelling: UR/A-, UR/E-, UR/I-
related term(s): UR-
114. URETER/O-
small canal
ureter/itis
small canal/inflamed
115. URETHERO-
canal
urethr/itis
canal/inflamed
(tube running from urinary bladder to outside of body)
116. URTICARI/O-
hives or nettles
urticar/ia
hives or nettles (skin condition)/pertain to
117. UTERO-
womb
uter/al
womb/refers to
118. UVE/A-
grape
uve/itis
grape/inflamed
(thin membrane between retina and sclera of eye - iris, ciliary body and choroid vascular layer)
related term(s): STAPHYLO-, UV-, UVE/O-, UVUL/O-
119. VAG/O-
wanderer (the longest cranial nerve)
vag/us
wanderer/pertains to
(tenth cranial nerve that wanders down through torso body cavities)
120. VAGIN/O-
sheath
vagin/al
sheath/refers to
vagin/itis
sheath/inflamed
121. VALG/U-
inward
valg/us
inward/refers to the condition of “genu valgum,”
which means the knees are in “valgus” (i.e., “knock knees”);“valgum” is the adjective; “valgus” is the noun.
alternate spelling: VALG/US, VALG/UM
122. VALVUL/O-
tiny fold or small valve
valvul/itis
tiny fold or small valve/inflamed
123. VAR/U-
outward
var/us
Outward/refers to the condition of “genu varum,”
which means the knees are in “varus”
(i.e., “bow legged”);“varum” is the adjective; “varus” is the noun.
alternate spelling: VARUS, VARUM
124. VARIC/O-
twisted
varico/cele
twisted/rupture or protrusion
(veins of spermatic cord)
related term(s): ILEO-, TORSI-
125. VARICELLA
tiny spot
varicella
a tiny spot
(chickenpox lesions - macules 'spots',
papules 'pimples', vesicles 'blisters', and
crusting lesions appear on the skin during
different stages. It lasts 10 days and is caused
by the herpes zoster virus that also causes
shingles later in life)
126. VAS/O-
vessel
vas/ec/tom/y
vessel/out/cut/procedure of
related term(s): ANGI/O-
127. VEN/O-
vein
ven/ous
vein/pertain to
related term(s): PHLEB/O-
128. VENTR/O-
belly
ventr/al
belly/refer to
ventr/icle
belly/small
129. VERA-
true
polycythemia: vera
many red blood cells: true
(also known as erythremia)
130. VERMI-
worm
vermi/form
worm/shaped
(shape of appendix projecting from the cecum)
related term(s): ASCAR/IS, HELMINTH/O-, VERMI-
131. VERRUCA/E-
wart
plantar verruca(e)
foot/refers to: wart
132. -VERSION
turn or to turn
in/version
inward/turning (usually foot)
related term(s): VERS-
133. VERTEBR/O-
jointed
vertebr/al
jointed/refers to
(six or more articulations or joints on each vertebral bone)
134. VERTIGO
whirling
vertigo
whirling (maze part or labyrinth of inner ear inflamed causing a spinning sensation)
135. VESIC/O-
sac or small blister
vesic/al
sac or small blister/pertains to
related term(s): VESICUL/O-
136. VILL/I-
shaggy hair
vill/us
shaggy hair (appearance)/refers to
(hair-like structure in small intestine that absorbs nutrients into the blood)
137. VIR/O-
poison
vir/al
poison/refers to
(smallest of etiologic infectious agents - thought to cause severe poisoning)
related term(s): SEPS/O-, SEPT/O-, TOX/O-
138. VISCER/A-
organ
e/viscer/ate
out (from)/organ/process of or procedure of
139. VIT/O-
alive, life, living
vit/al
alive, life, living /pertains to
(your resume' is your personal vitae)
related term(s): VIV/I-
140. VITILIG/O-
to corrupt
Vitiligin/ous
to corrupt/state of
(leuko/derma: white patches on skin often seen in dark skinned people)
141. VOLV/O-
to twist, twisting, rolling
volv/ulus
twisting or rolling/refers to
(bowel obstruction causes by the bowel twisting - stops forward food movement)
142. VULV/O-
covering
vulv/a
covering/refers to
(the covering tissue of the female external genitalia)
143. WHEAL
round or circle
wheal
round
(A circular elevated skin condition with a pale
red periphery that itches and white in center.
It is associated with urticaria or hives and
insect bites)
144. WHITLOW
white flow
whitlow
white flow
(suppurative 'pus forming' at end of finger or toe - often a nail abscess)
related term(s): FELON
145. XANTH/O-
yellow
xanth/derma
yellow/skin
xanth/oma
yellow/swelling
(flat, soft, nodule usually seen on the eyelid)
related term(s): LUTE/O-
146. XEN/O-
strange or foreign
xen/ophthalm/ia
strange/eye/refers to
xeno/phob/ia
stranger/fear of/pertains to
147. XERO-
dry
xero/derm/a
dry/skin/refers to
(X is pronounced like a z)
148. YAWS
raspberry appearance
yaws
raspberry appearance
(spirochetal bacterial infection of skin in humid environments)
149. -Y
procedure of or process of
therap/y
treating or curing/procedure of or process of
related term(s): -AGE, -ATION, -IATION, -ING, -ION, -TION
150. ZYGO-
union
zygot/e
union/instrument
151. A & A
awake and aware
awake and aware
152. A & O
alert and oriented
alert and oriented
153. A & W
alive and well
alive and well
154. ACL
anterior cruciate ligament
anterior cruciate ligament
155. ad. lib.
as desired or at liberty
as desired or at liberty
156. ALL
allergy or acute leukocytic leukemia
allergy or acute leukocytic leukemia
157. AMA
against medical advice
against medical advice
158. ASTOL
as tolerated
as tolerated
159. B1
Thiamine HCL Vitamin or first degree (Stage I) burn
(a sun burn is a first degree burn)
160. B2
Riboflavin Vitamin or 2nd degree (Stage II) burn
(blistering is present with a 2nd degree burn)
161. B3
3rd degree (Stage III) burn
(tissue charring is present with a 3rd degree burn)
162. B4
4th degree (Stage IV) burn
(most tissue destroyed with a 4th degree burn)
163. B6
Pyridoxine HCL Vitamin
Pyridoxine HCL Vitamin
164. B7
Biotin Vitamin
Biotin Vitamin
165. B8
Adenosine Phosphate Vitamin
Adenosine Phosphate Vitamin
166. BaE
barium enema
related term(s): BE
167. BID
two times per day
two times per day
168. BP
blood pressure
(Average Intra/vascular 'BP' is 120/80 mm/Hg
above atmosphere pressure. Low 'BP' is 90/60 or
lower; High 'BP' is 140/90 or higher)
169. BS
blood sugar, bowel sounds, before sleep, breath sounds, Blue Shield
blood sugar, bowel sounds, before sleep, breath sounds, Blue Shield
170. BT
body temperature, bleeding time, brain tumor
body temperature, bleeding time, brain tumor
171. BUN
blood urea nitrogen
blood urea nitrogen
172. BX
biopsy or Blue Cross
biopsy or Blue Cross
173. CBC
complete blood count
complete blood count
174. CC
chief complaint or chief component
chief complaint or chief component
175. CF
cystic fibrosis
cystic fibrosis
176. CHF
congestive heart failure
congestive heart failure
177. CL
contact lenses
contact lenses
178. CNA
chart not available, certified nurse's aide
chart not available, certified nurse's aide
179. COPD
chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder
(asthma, emphysema, bronchitis, bronchiectasis)
180. CO
cardiac output or computer order
cardiac output or computer order
181. CP
cerebral palsy, chest pain
cerebral palsy, chest pain
182. CVA
cerebrovascular accident
cerebrovascular accident
183. D & D
diarrhea and dehydration
diarrhea and dehydration
184. DAD
drug administration device
drug administration device
185. DAT
diet as tolerated
diet as tolerated
186. DD
differential diagnosis
(differentiating between diseases 'signs & symptoms' or their etiology 'cause')
187. DNS
did not show
did not show
188. DPT
diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus
(pertussis is also known as whooping cough, tetanus is also known as lock jaw)
189. DX & PX
diagnosis and prognosis
diagnosis and prognosis
190. DZ
disease or dozen
disease or dozen
191. EKG
electrocardiogram
related term(s): ECG
192. EMG
electromyography
(diagnostic procedure of recording muscle electricity - muscle fire power)
193. ENT
ear, nose, and throat
ear, nose, and throat
194. ESWL
extracorporal shock wave lithotripsy
extracorporal shock wave lithotripsy
195. FBS
fasting blood sugar
fasting blood sugar
196. FOD
free of disease
free of disease
197. Fx
fracture or fractional urine
fracture or fractional urine
198. GH
growth hormone
growth hormone
199. GI
gastrointestinal or granuloma inguinal
gastrointestinal or granuloma inguinal
200. GTT
drop, drops, or glucose tolerance test
drop, drops, or glucose tolerance test
201. H1
herpes simplex type 1
herpes simplex type 1 are oral herpes
202. H2
herpes simplex type 2
herpes simplex type 2 are genital herpes
203. HAV
Hepatitis A virus
Hepatitis A virus
204. HBV
Hepatitis B virus
Hepatitis B virus
205. HCV
Hepatitis C virus
Hepatitis C virus
206. HI, HOH
Hearing impaired or hard of hearing
Hearing impaired or hard of hearing
207. I & O
intake and output
intake and output
208. ICU
intensive care unit
intensive care unit
209. ID
infectious disease, initial dose, intradermal
infectious disease, initial dose, intradermal
210. IV
intravenous
intravenous
211. KUB
kidney, ureter, bladder
kidney, ureter, bladder
212. LBP
low blood pressure
(starts at 90/60 mm/Hg above atmospheric pressure of 760: 'or lower')
213. MD
muscular dystrophy, manic depression, mental deficiency, Medical Doctor
muscular dystrophy, manic depression, mental deficiency, Medical Doctor
214. ml
milliliter
milliliter
215. MMR
measles, mumps, and rubella
measles, mumps, and rubella
216. MS
multiple sclerosis, mitral stenosis
multiple sclerosis, mitral stenosis
217. N & V
nausea and vomiting
nausea and vomiting
218. NPO
nothing by mouth
nothing by mouth
219. OTC
over the counter
(over the counter items are sold without prescription)
