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Spermatozoon (plural is spermatozoa)
A male sex cell, a male gamete
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Coitus or copulation
Sexual intercourse
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What r fraternal twins?
Twins resulting from the fertiliation of seperate ova by seperate sperm cells. Hereditary.
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Identical twins?
identical twins result from fertilization of a single egg cell by a single sperm. Always the same sex, and very familiar in form and features.
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Testosterone
Male reproductive system secretes this hormone. responsible for production of the male characterstics (hair, deep voice, etc)
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gonads a.k.a.
testicles, testes or testis (singular)
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Spermatogenesis develops where?
in the scrotum, a sac enclosing the testes.
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What is seminiferous tubules?
The interior of a testis is composed of a large mass of narrow, coiled tubules. These tubules contain cells that manufacture spermatozoa.
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After formation, cperm cells mover through the sminiferous tubules and collect in ducts that lead to a larfe tube, the __________.
epididymus (which is located at the upper part of each testis.
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From the epididymis to the ductus deferens a.k.a. ____________.
vas deferns. The vas deferens is about 2 feet long and carries the sperm to the pelvic region.
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During a vasectomy or sterilization procedure, the urologist cuts and ties of each ___________.
vas deferens.
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The seminal vesicle is at the level of the urinary bladder to for the _________ duct.
Ejaculatory duct, leading toward the urethra.
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a thick, sugary, yellowish substance that nourishes the sperm cells and forms much of the volume of ejactulation is _________.
Semen
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What is Cryptorchism?
Where the testes do not descend, but can be corrected by surgery.
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Parenchymal tissue
Tissue that carries on the main function of an organ. In the male, the parenchymal tissue is the sminiferous tubules.
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Interstitial tissue
Tissue that produces testosterone, which is responsible for secondary sex characteristics.
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Stroma or stromal tissue
Is supportive tissue
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There are three internal glands:
1. seminal vesicles- secretes a fluid to nourish the sperm cells
2. prostate gland- aids in the motility of sperm by secreting a fluid that is alkaline
3. Cowper's gland, which is also known as ________________.
bulbourethral gland, it secretes fluid that lbricates and neutralizes the urethra for safe passage.
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glans penis
head of the penis, slightly larger than the main body of the penis.
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The penis is covered with a fold of soft flexible skin called foreskin or __________.
Prepuce. Circumcision removes the foreskin from around the glans.
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impotence
inability to achieve an erection. Viagra (sildenafil citrate) is a drug that increases blood flow to the penis, enhancing that ability to have an erection.
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phimosis
a narrowing of the opening of the foreskin over the glans can interfere with urination and cause infection. Treatment is circucision.
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hypospadia
sometimes at birth the opening of the urethra is found on the lover surface of the penis
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epispadia
the opening of the urethra is found on the upper surface of the penis
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Know the following order which traces the path of spermatozoa from their formation in the seminiferous tubules of the testes to the outside of the body.
Seminiferous tubules (testes, sperm formed here) --> Epididymis --> Vas deferens (siminal vesicles) --> Ejaculatory duct --> Urethra (prostate gland->cowper glands) --> penis --> leaves body
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flagellum
hair like projection on a sperm cell that makes it motile (able to move)
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andr/o
male
example: androgen, testosterone is an androgen. The testes in males and the adrenal glands in both men and women produce androgens.
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balan/o
glans penis (balanos=acorn in greek)
Ex: balanitis, caused by overgrowth of organisms (bacteria and yeast)
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cry/o
cold
ex: cryogenic surgery, new techniques for prostat cancet tretment use cryosurgery to freeze and kill cells that radical prostatectomy cannot reach
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crypt/o
hidden
ex: cryptorchism, a congenital condition, one or both testicles do not descend, by the time of birth, into the scrotal sac from the abdominal cavity.
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epididym/o
epididymis
ex: epididymitis. Inflamation of the epididymis, symptoms include fever chills, pain in groind, tender, swollen epididymis
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hydr/o
water, fluid
hydrocele, sac of clear fluid in the scrotum
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orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o
testis, testicle (orchid flower like tubes)
- orchiectomy or orchidectomy, castration in males
- anorchism, missing one or both testes
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semin/i
semen, seed
seminiferous tubules (-ferous means pertaining to bearing or carrying)
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sperm/o, sermat/o
spermatozoa, semen
- spermolytic
- oligospermia
- aspermia, lack of formation or ejaculation of semen
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terat/o
monster
teratoma, a benign tumor occuring in the testes
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test/o
testis, testicle
- testicular
- (originates from meaning witness, where men would take an oath with one hand on their testes, swearing by their manhood to tell the truth.)
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varci/o
varicose veins
varicocele, a collection of ENLARGED DIALATED varicose (swollen, twisted) veins above the testis,
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vas/o
vessel, duct; vas deferens
vasectomy, cuts and ties off each vas deferens
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zo/o
animal life
azoospermia, lack of spermatozoa in the semen.
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-genesis
formation
spermatogenesis, producing or forming sperm in the scrotum. Lower temerature is necessary for the adequete maturation and development of sperm.
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-one
hormone
testosterone (ster/o=type of steroid compound)
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-pexy
- fixation, put in place
- (pixy dust, tinkerbell fixed on peter pan, LOL, jk)
orchiopexy, a surgical procedure to correct cryptorchism
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-stomy
new opening
vasovasostomy, reversal of vasectomy, a urologist rejoins the cut ends of the vas deferens.
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Name and know all of the testicular cancers.
- 1. SEMINOMA- most common, arises from embryonic cells in testes.
- (nonseminomatous tumors are:)
- a. embryonal carcinoma
- b. teratocarcinoma
- c. choriocarcinoma
- (can be treated with surgury. serum levels test for proteins are tumor markers)
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cryptorchism, cryptorchidism
undescended testicles
an orchipexy is performed to bring the testes into the scrotum if they don't descend on their own.
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hydrocele
sac of clear fluid in scrotum. congenital or a respons to infection or tumors. needs to be aspirated via needle and syringe or hydrocelectomy
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prostatic hyperplasia
- benign growth of cells within the prostate gland. BPH, benign prostatic hyperplasia, is common in men older than 60 yo.
- treated by TURP (transurethral resection of the prostat)
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vereneal disease, aka ________
sexually transmitted diseases.
derived from the latin word Venus, the goddess of love)
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syphilis
chronic STD caused by a spirochete (spiral-shaped bacterium) A chancre or hard ucler or sore usually appears on external genitalia a few weeks after infection. It can happen in ANY ORGAN.
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PSA test
measures levels of prostate specific antigen (PSA) in the blood
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-rrhagia
bursting forth (of blood)
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