-
If a thyroid tumor secreted an excessive amount of calcitonin, we would expect
an elevated level of osteoblast activity
-
Hemopoiesis typically occurs in
the red bone marrow.
-
Osteoblasts deposit more bone matrix in response to all of the following factors except
parathyroid hormone
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The cells primarily responsible for the breakdown of bone are
osteoclasts
-
The protein fibers of the bone matrix are composed of
collagen
-
Appositional growth of a long bone has the effect of
increasing the diameter of the bone
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Osteogenic cells give rise to osteoblasts, but ___ arise from monocytes of the blood
osteoclasts
-
Osteocytes in the outer lamellae of an osteon transport their wastes to the bloodstream for removal via
canaliculi
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The ___ forms by endochondral ossification.
humerus
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In the development of the skeleton, what typically occurs around the ages of 18 to 21?
the epiphyseal plates close
-
One thing calcitriol does that parathyroid hormone does not is
stimulate the small intestine to absorb more phosphate
-
The skeletal system performs all of the following functions except
regulation of body temperature.
-
Hydroxyapatite is best described as
calcium phosphate crystals in the bone matrix
-
Bones that serve as levers and are moved by skeletal muscle to produce movement are termed
long bones
-
The cavity in the diaphysis of long bones is called the ______ cavity and commonly contains ______ marrow.
medullary; yellow
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This layer makes up 25% of the skeleton by weight and helps protect the soft tissues like the brain from trauma.
diploe
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The periosteum is a connective tissue sheath which lines the _____ of bones and fuses with bones by way of _____ fibers.
outer surface; perforating
-
Which one of the following bone cells would have the greatest number of lysosomes
osteoclasts
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When bone is stressed on one side, it usually bends slightly on the other side and does not fracture. This is due to tensile strength caused by
collagenous fibers
-
Bones of the skull and clavicle develop by
intramembranous ossification
-
In endochondral ossification, the model or template on which the bone forms
hyaline cartilage
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In the zone of bone deposition, _____ cells rapidly invade the calcified matrix and lay down bone. Then ______ cells erode the spongy bone to form the marrow cavity
osteoblast; osteoclast
-
The use of anabolic steroids by adolescent boys will
decrease the growth of bone by prematurely closing the epiphyseal plate
-
A loss of bone mass, especially spongy bone, is usually a result of lack of exercise or deficiency of estrogen after menopause. This disorder is called
osteoporosis
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