Chem1ACh6

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Energy (symbol and definition)
- E - anything that has the capacity to do work
- (Quantity that an object can posess)
Work (symbol and definition)
- W - a force acting over a distance
- W = force x distance
- (way an onject can exchange E w/ other objects [in and out])
Heat (symbol and definition)
- q - flow of energy caused by a difference in temperature
- (way an onject can exchange E w/ other objects [in and out])
Types of energy w/ description
- Kinetic - energy of motion OR energy being transfered
- Thermal - energy with temperature (a form of Kinetic energy)
- Potential - energy stored in an object OR energy associated with composition/position of object
cal, Cal, Joule, Kilojoule, and Killowatt-hour (kWh)
- 1 cal = 4.184 J
- 1 Cal = 4184 J
- 1 KJ = 1000 J
- 1 kWh = 3.60 x 10⁶
Joule definition

Amount of E needed to move a 1Kg mass 1 meter
calorie definition

Amount of E needed to raise 1g H₂O 1 °C
Change in Internal E formula
- ΔE = q + W
- W = -PΔV
- q = C_s x Mass x ΔT
Heat Capacity (symbol and definition)
- C - amount of energy required to change an objects temperature by 1 degree C
- Depends on amount of substance
Specific Heat (symbol and definition)
- C_s - amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1g substance by 1 °C
- Depends on type of substance (fixed amount)
System/surroundings heat relationship
- q_system=-q_surroundings
- q_rxn=-q_sol
Bomb calorimeter details + formulas
- Constant volume
- Measures ΔE
- q_reaction=-q_calorimeter=-C_calorimeterxΔT
- q_reaction=-q_calorimeter-q_H2O
Coffee cup calorimeter details + formula
- Constant pressure
- Measures ΔH
- q_reaction=-q_solution=-C_s x Mass_s x ΔT_s
Enthalpy (symbol and definition) + equations
- H - total energy of a system (internal E + work) / determines endo/exothermic
- H = E + PV
- ΔH = ΔE + PΔV
- ΔH = q (@ constant P)
Standard Conditions (thermodynamics) + symbol
- symbol = °
- gas = 1 atm pressure
- liquid/solid = 1 atm pressure, 25°C
- solution = 1M concentration
Standard Enthalpy of formation (symbol + meaning)?
- ΔH_f° - enthalpy change for the reaction forming exactly one mole of a pure compound from its constituent elements at standard conditions
- ΔH_f° of elements is always - KJ/mol
Standard enthalpy change (symbol + meaning + equation)
- ΔH° - enthalpy change when all reactants an products are in their standard states
- ΔH°_reaction = ΣnΔH_f°_(products) - ΣnΔH_f°_(reactants)
- where n is the cefficient in the reaction

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victimsofadown

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Card Set

Chem1ACh6

Description

Chem1ACh6

Updated

2011-04-07T01:13:41Z