hypersensitivity to a common substance in the environment or to a medication
anaphylactic shock
life-threatening condition resulting in a severe allergic reaction
anemia
reduction in the number of red blood cells or the amount of hemoglobin in blood
antibody
protein material produced in the body as a response to the invasion of a foreign substance
anticoagulant
substance that prevents blood clot formation
antigen
substance that is capable of inducing formation of an antibody
autoimmune disease
a disease resulting from the body’s immune system attacking its own cells as if they were pathogens
autologous blood
patient’s own blood stored in anticipation of transfusion
axillary
armpit
coagulate
to convert from a liquid to a gel or solid
erythrocyte
red blood cell
erythrocytosis
too many red cells
erythropenia
too few red cells
granulocyte
granular cell
hematoma
collection of blood under the skin
hematopoiesis
the process of forming blood
hemoglobin
iron-containing pigment of red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the tissue
hemolysis
destruction of blood
hemorrhage
rapid flow of blood
hemostasis
to stop or control bleeding
immunity
the body’s ability to defend itself against pathogens
immunocompromised
having an immune system that is unable to respond properly to pathogens
inflammation
the tissues response to injury from pathogens or physical agents
inguinal
groin
leukocyte
white blood cell
leukocytosis
too many white blood cells
leukopenia
too few white blood cells
lymph
clear, transparent, colorless fluid found in lymph vessels
lymph nodes
small organs in the lymphatic system that filter bacteria and other foreign organisms from the body fluids
lymphadenitis
inflammation of the lymph nodes
lymphadenopathy
lymph gland disease
lymphedema
swelling appearing in the extremities due to an obstruction of the lymph flow through the lymphatic vessels
macrophages
phagocytic cells that are found in large quantities in the lymph nodes
nosocomial infection
an infection acquired as a result of hospital exposure
packed cells
transfusion of only formed elements without plasma
pancytopenia
too few of all cells
pathogens
disease producing
pathology
study of disease
phagocyte
a cell that has the ability to ingest (eat) and digest bacteria and other foreign particles
phlebotomy
incision into a vein to withdraw blood
plasma
the liquid portion of blood
platelets
clotting cells
septicemia
having bacteria or their toxins in the blood stream
serum
clear, sticky fluid that remains after the blood has clotted
splenomegaly
enlarged spleen
standard precautions
guidelines recommended by the CDC for reducing the risk of transmission of blood-borne and other pathogens
thrombocytosis
too many clotting cells
thrombocytopenia
too few clotting cells
tonsillitis
inflammation of the tonsils
vaccination
exposure to a weakened pathogen that stimulates the immune response and antibody production in order to confer protection against the fullblown disease
viruses
a group of infectious particles that cause disease