Bio-20 Vocab

any organism that is not a plant, animal, fungus, or a prokaryote

*Protists ared eukaryotes that are not members of the kingdom Plantae, Animalia, or Fungi.

*Animal-like protists that swim using flagella are classified in the phylum Zoomastigina and are often referred to as zooflagellates.

temporary projection of cytoplasm, or a "false foot," used by some protists for feeding or movemen

*Sarcodines are animal-like protists that use pseudopods for feeding and movement.

type of location used by amoebas

small cavity in the cytoplasm that temporarily stores fooddw

short hairlike projections similar flagella

*Members of the phylum Ciliophora, known as ciliates, use cilia for feeding and movement.

very small, bottle shaped structures used for defense

site for keeping multiple copies of most genes that the cell needs in its day-to-day existence

contains reserve copy of all of the cell's genes

indentation in one side of the organsim that ciliates sweep food particles into

waste materials are emptied into the environment when the food vacuole fuses with a region of the cell membrane called the anal pore

cavities in the cytoplasm that are specialized to collect water

form of sexual process in which paramecia exchange genetic information

*Members of the phylum Sporozoa do not move on their won and are parasitic

*Some animal-like protists cause serious diseases, including malaria and African sleeping sickness

compounds that absorb light at different wave lengths than chlorophyll

*Chlorophyll and accessory pigments allow algae to harvest and use the energy from the sunlight.

*Euglenophytes are plantlike protists that have two flagella but no cell wall.

cluster of reddish pigment that helps the organism find snulight to power photosynthesis

intricate cell membrane

*Members of the phylum Chrysophyta are a diverse group of plantlike protists that have gold-colored chloroplasts.

*Diatoms produce thin, delicate cell walls rich in silicon (Si)- the main component of glass.

*About half of the dinoflagellates are photosynthetic; the other half live as heterotrophs.

the population of small phtosynthetic organisms found near ther surface of the ocean

*Red algae are able to live at great depths due to their efficiency in harvesting light energy. Red algae contain chlorophyll a and reddish accessort pigments called phycobilins.

especially good at absorbing blue light, enabling red algae to live deeper in the ocean than many other photosynthetic algae

*Brown algae contain chlorophyll a and c, as well as a brown accessory pigment, fucoxanthin.

*Green algae share many characteristics with plants, including their photosynthetic pigments and cell wall composition.

long threadlike colonies in which cells are stacked like aluminum cans from end to end

*The life cycles of many algae include both a diploid and haploid generation.

where algae switch back and forth between diploid and haploid stages during their life cycles

gamete-producing plants

haploid reproductive cells

spore-producing organism

*Like fungi, the funguslike protists are heterotrophs that absorb nutrients from dead or decaying organic matter. But unlike most true fungi, funguslike protists have centrioles. They also lack the chitin cell walls of true fungi.

*Slime molds are funguslike protists that play key roles in recycling organic material.

separated by cell membranes; remain distinct during every phase of the mold's life cycle

molds that pass through a stage where their cells fuse to form large cells with many nuclei

slender reproductive structure that produces spores

single structure with many nuclei

*Oomycetes thrive on dead or decaying organic matter in water and some are plant parasites on land.

thin filaments that water molds produce

portions of hyphae develop into theses cases

produces male nuclei

produces female nuclei