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6 Viruses killed by current antiviral therapy
- cytomegalovirus (CMV)
- Hepatitis
- HSV
- HIV
- Influenza
- Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
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What is a virion?
mature virus particle
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The inner core of the virion, composed of DNA or RNA.
genome
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4 Routes a virus can enter a host
- inhalation
- ingestion
- transplacentally
- innoculations
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Used to treat infections caused by viruses other than HIV.
Antivirals
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Used to treat infections caused by HIV
antiretroviral
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Concentrated antibodies that can attack and destroy viruses.
Immunoglobulin
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6 Steps of Virus replication
- 1-Attachment to host
- 2-Uncoating of virus, and entry of viral nucleic acid into host cell
- 3-Control of RNA, DNA, and/or protein production
- 4-Production of viral subunits
- 5-Assembly of virions
- 6- Release of virions
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Symmetrel is the TN of _______
amantadine
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Flumadine is the TN of _______
rimantadine
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What does amantadine and rimantadine treat?
Influenza A
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Foscavir is the TN of _______
foscarnet
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What is fascarnet used to treat?
(2)
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Tamiflu is the TN of ________
oseltamivir
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Relenza is the TN of ________
zanamivir
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oseltamivir and zanamivir are used to treat what?
Influenza A and B
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Zovirax is the TN of ________
acyclovir
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What antiviral is used to treat HSV 1,2, and 3
acyclovir
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Cytovene is the TN of __________
ganciclovir
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What do you use ganciclovir to treat?
CMV infections
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Copegus is the TN of ________
ribavirin
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What drug treats lower respiratory RSV infections in infants?
ribavirin
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Name 3 ways retroviruses are transmitted.
- sexual activity
- intravenous drug use
- perinatally from mom to child
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Name the 4 stages of the HIV infection
- 1-Asymptomatic
- 2-General symptoms
- 3-Moderate symptoms
- 4-Severe symptoms
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List characteristics of Stage 1 HIV infection.
- swollen lymph nodes
- CD4 count remains in normal limits
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List characterstics of Stage 2 HIV infection.
- Symptoms like fever, rash, night sweats, diarrhea, and shingles start to appear
- Occurs 3 weeks to 3 months after exposure
- CD4 count begins to drop
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List characteristics of Stage 3 HIV
- Weight loss, chronic diarrhea and fever continue
- Opportunistic infections begin to occur
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What is currently the leading cause of death worldwide for HIV-infected patients?
Pulmonary TB
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List the types of Opportunistic Infections
(5)
- Protozoal
- Fungal
- Bacterial
- Viral
- Opportunistic neoplasias
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What does HAART stand for and what is it?
- Highly active antiretroviral therapy
- Combines various agents (cocktails) to prevent viral overload inhibiting cell replication within various stages
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