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What compounds are "organic molecules?"
- Compounds that contain hydrogen-carbon bonds.
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Hydrophillic Macromolecule Property
"Water loving" (Dissolves in water)
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Hydrophobic Macromolecule Property
"Water fearing" (Does NOT dissolve in water)
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Macromolecules properties depend on:
Size and Shape
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Macromolecules (Definition and explanation of structure)
Def: Large Organic Compounds/Molecules
- Structure:
- Creation- remove water + dehydration
- Breaking- Add water (Hydrolysis)
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Classes of Macromolecules
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Types of Carbohydrates (Sugars)
- "Hydrophillic"
- 1. Monosaccharide - one sugar
- 2. Polysaccharide- more than one sugar unit together
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Protein Polymer (def)
Long chain of Amino Acids (AA-AA-AA-AA)
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Protein Functions
- Enzymes
- Transporters
- Signals (Hormones)
- Defense (Antibodies)
- Storage
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Protein Shapes
- (They build on each other)
- 1. Primary level: Amino Acid Chain (polypeptide)
- 2. Secondary Level: Polypeptide chain becomes "telephone wire" (alphahelix) or "mountains" (Beta sheets)
- 3. Tertiary Level: combination of alphahelix and beta sheets
- 4. Quartnery level: combining tertiary shapes together 88
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Unsaturated Lipids Qualities
- "Kinks" in structure (not tightly packed)
- Liquid at room temp
- Healthy Fats (Veggie oil, Canola Oil, Olive Oil)
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Saturated Fats Qualities
- "No Kinks" in structure (tightly packed)
- Solid at room temp
- Unhealthy (eggs, ice cream, steaks, butter)
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What is a Nucleic Acid?
A Polymer of Nucleotides
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Nucleotide Diagram with 3 components
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2 Types of Nucleic Acid
- DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
- RNA (Ribonucleic Acid)
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DNA Qualities and 4 Bases
- Shown as "2 strands"
- Nitrogenous
- 4 Bases:
- 1. Adenine
- 2. Guanine
- 3. Cytosine
*4. Thymine (different from RNA)
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RNA Qualities and 4 Bases
- Shown as "1 strand"
- Nitrogenous
- 4 Bases:
- 1. Adenine
- 2.Guanine
- 3. Cytosine
*4. Uracil (Different from DNA)
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