Psychology Test #2

the stimulus/event/etc. following a behavior, which acts to decrease the likelihood of the behavior being repeated

• 1) produces negative emotional byproducts
• 2) encourages lying
• 3) may cause avoidance of punisher, not "wrong" action
• 4) doesn't teach alternate desired response
• 5) to be effective, it requires immediate application
• 6) behavioral changes are generally temporary

• 1) teaches kids it's acceptable for people to love each other to intentionally hurt each other
• 2) teaches it's ok to use violence as conflict-resolution
• 3) violent adults usually come from violent childhoods
• 4) it's unethical for big people to hurt smaller ones
• 5) most of the time, the parent is just trying to release anger & fear; not teach the kid

Punishment & reinforcement

• positive punishment
• negative punishment
• positive reinforcement
• negative reinforcement

Adds something unpleasant to decrease a behavior

Removes something pleasant to decrease a behavior

Adds something pleasant to increase a behavioral response

Removes something unpleasant to increase a behavior response

positive punishment

positive punishment

positive reinforcement (for both)

• Reinforcing closer & closer approximations toward a desired behavior.
• always focus on the behavior you want; not the one you don't want

the weakening & eventual disappearance of a conditioned response once reinforcement is stopped

• don't feed the conflict
• don't take it personally
• don't try to change the other person