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The study of fungi
mycology
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Mycology is the study of __ and is unicelluar
yeast
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__are multicellular and filamentous
molds
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Yeast reproduce by__
budding
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Molds have thread-like filaments called__
hyphae
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Hyphae with cross-walls are
septate hyphae
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Hyphae without cross-walls are
aseptate or nonseptate hyphae
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A mass of hyphae is called
mycelium
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In molds, mycelium that obtain nutrients are called
vegetative mycelium
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Mycelium that produce spores are called
reprodcutive or aerial mycelium
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__are a means of reproduction for molds
spores
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Fragmented or retangular asexual spores
arthrospores
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Asexual budding yeast
blastospores
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Thick wall spores formed by segmentation of hyphae
chlamdiospores
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3 kinds of chlamdiospores
treminal(at the end of hyphae), intercalary(within the strand), sessile(on the sides and formed withinn a hyphae)
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Asexual spores produced in a chain
conidiospores(ie. penicilillin)
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Form spores at the end of a hyphae
sporangiospores(ie. rhizopus or black bread mold)
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The nuclues of a male passes thru a bridge into a female cell and fusion of the nuclei produces a zygote
ascospores
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The female cell becomes a sac-like structure which contains 2-8 ascospores. the cells divide by meiosis
Ascus(ie. penicillin)
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Sexual spore formed on a pedestal called a basidium which produces the spores
basidiospores(ie. mushroom caps)
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Sexual spores produced when 2 hyphae form an arm called a zygophore
zygospore or orospores
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When zygophore extend and meet each other they fuse and form a thick wall called a
zygosporangium(ie. rhizopus)
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Fungi with 2 forms of growth
dimorphic fungi
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Dimorphic fungi grow as yeast at what temp.
37 celcius
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Dimorphic fungi grow as mold at what temp.
25 celcius
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Imperfect fungi contains the__which infect skin, hair, and nails
dermatophytes
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Dermatophytes produce the disease ringworm called__
tinea
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Ringworm of the nails
Tinea unguium
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Ringworm of the beard
Tinea barbae
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Ringworm of the scalp
Tinea capitis
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__infection has spores outside the harishaft
ectothrix
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__infection has hyphae inside the hairshaft
endothrix(ie. black dot ringworm)
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Ringworm of the body
Tinea corporis
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Ringworm of the groin and anal
Tinea cruris
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(Ringworm) athlete's foot
Tinea pedis
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Discolored areas of the skin
Tinea vesicolor
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A dimorphic fungi found in rose thorns, causes "Rose Fever"
sporothrix
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A dimorphic yeast that can be found on mucous membranes of mouth, throat and vagina
Candida albicans
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Diseases candida can cause
oral thrush, vulvovaginitis, cutaneous, nails, lungs, urinary, intestinal, and systemic
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Cryptococcus infects
lung, brain, and bone
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Cryptococcus is found in soil and from
pigeon droppings
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A lesion occurs in the lungs, heals and calicifies, similar to T.B.
Histoplasma
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Causes a "fungi ball" in the lungs
Aspergillus
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Produces alfatoxins in food that can be carcinogenic to the liver
Aspergillus flavus
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Causes Malts Workers Disease. Found in soil and manure, causing allergic reactions
Aspergillus fumigatus
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Mycosis infects the outer layer of skin, hair, and nails
superficial
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Mycosis destroys the keratin of skin, hair, and nails
cutaneous
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Mycosis infects skin, muscle, and connective tissue
subcutaneous
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Mycosis infects deep tissue and organs usually fatel
systemic
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Fungi that spreads through the body is said to
disseminates
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Protozoans are__cells
eucaryotic
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Protozoans are classified on basis of
mobility
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Protozoans have__cell structures
complex
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Consist of fluke and tapeworms
flatworms
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Harbors the adult stage
definitive host
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Harbors the larvae stage
intermediate host
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