Botany Adaptations for protection

the initiation of flowering in response to relative lengths of day and night

natural death; a breakdown of cellular structures leading to death

an induced, inheritable change in the structure of a gene

short-lived plants

a modified leaf part that is hard and sharply pointed

a modified short branch, or stem, that is hard and sharply pointed

an outgrowth from the base of a leaf stalk, sometimes functioning as a protective structure

having long soft hairs

camouflage

prickles having tips pointed downward

the living together for mutual benefit of two or more organisms of different species

natural fungicide; astringent; a substance occurring in the bark or leaves of some species, functioning to protect against predators

a plant substance created or deposited in the pores of phloem sieve plates, especially in response to injury; parenchyma tissue

a hard, pointed epidermal outgrowth on some species' stems and leaves

a plant substance (protein) created and deposited in the pores of phloem sieve plates, especially in response to injury

a viscous, protective secretion of many conifers that is insoluble in water and hardens on contact with air

a sticky, water-soluble plant secretion that hardens on exposure to air

a thick, white, fluid secretion of many plant species

a protein molecule functioning as a chemical catalyst in a biochemical reaction

bitter taste; a nitrogen-containing compound, frequently used as a chemical defense by plants

a plant produce having toxic effects on herbivores and other invasive organisms

a chemical produced by a plant to inhibit the growth of pathogens

a needle-shaped crystal of calcium oxalate in cetain species' cells that deter herbivores

hybrid vigor; mixing gene pools

a plant completing its life cycle within two growing periods

a plant completing its life cycle within a single growing season

a plant living through several growing seasons